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I  LIBRARY 

I  FRlNr  'ETON,  iV.  J 

I    No.  Case,  -'ll.-.J^  

!    No.  ShelC^^^--^-^-'^^-— --^-^^ 
No.  Book,.  -  , 


■J 


Digitized  by  the  Internet  Archive 
in  2015 


https://archive.org/details/missionarychroni142unse 


THE 


FOREIGN  MISSIOMRY  CHRONICLE. 


Vol.  XIV. 


FEBRUARY,    1  8  4  6, 


No.  2. 


3  a  avi  of  £  ox  tx  %n  Mxb  bxoxx  s 


EVANGELICAL  SOCIETY  OF  FRANCE:  LETTER  TO 
THE  FRIENDS  OP  THE  SOCIETY. 

Paris,  September  25,  1845. 

The  best  way  to  prove  to  the  satisfaction  of 
all  men  that  we  are  not  deceiving  ourselves  in 
relation  to  the  extent  and  the  good  results  of  the 
labours  of  our  Society,  is  to  confine  ourselves  to 
the  simple  statement  of  facts.  This  kind  of 
evidence,  when  presented  by  Christians,  v/hose 
earnest  desire  is  to  avoid  every  sort  of  exagger- 
ation, is  of  all  the  means  of  persuasion  the  most 
convincii]g. 

The  first  fact  v/hich  clearly  shows  the  con- 
tinual increase  of  these  labours,  relates  to  the 
large  amount  of  the  expenses  anticipated  for  the 
operations  of  this  year.  And  indeed,  if  God 
raise  up  for  us  all  the  evangelists  that  are  needed 
to  meet  the  most  urgent  wants,  the  expenses 
will  this  year  exceed  the  sum  of  250,000  francs. 
This  will  not  be  thought  an  exaggerated  esti- 
mate, when  it  is  known  that  since  the  com- 
mencement of  the  present  financial  year,  almost 
76,000  francs  have  been  paid  out,  and  that  the 
written  engagements  entered  into,  and  at  this 
day  remaining  to  be  honoured,  exceed  110,000 
francs.  Here,  therefore,  is  an  expenditure  of 
186,000  francs  perfectly  certain :  while  at  the 
same  time,  without  passing  the  bounds  of  duty, 
or  the  wants  of  the  field,  we  are  seeking  and 
calling  with  the  warmest  desires  for  not  less  than 
fifty  evangelists,  who  are  impatiently  expected 
])y  multitudes  longing  to  hear  them. 

Should  not  our  hearts  be  filled  with  lively 
and  profound  emotions  of  gratitude  to  the  Lord 
at  the  report  of  these  great  things  7  .... 
Great  things  if  it  is  given  to  Christians  rightly  to 
apprehend  their  duty  under  present  circumstan- 
ces; if,  far  from  hindering  by  their  sloth.a  work 
which  displays  such  striking  developments,  fur 
from  saying  in  any  manner  te  the  Lord  when 
such  are  his  dealings,  "  thus  far  shalt  thou  come 
•nd  no  farther,"  they  are,  on  the  contrary, 

3 


prompt  and  generous  in  their  offerings.  It  is 
liberality  of  this  character  that  the  financial  po- 
sition of  the  Society,  at  the  present  time,  im- 
periously demands. 

Adding  to  the  18,000  francs  constituting  the 
deficit  exhibited  on  the  Slst  of  last  August,  the 
110,000  francs  which  form  the  entire  amount  of 
the  engagements  contracted,  it  appears  that  the 
Committee,  in  order  to  answer  the  demands  of 
their  service,  must,  betvv'cen  nov/  and  the  15th 
of  April  next,  receive  128,000  francs.  .  .  .  : 

We  cemmend  the  foregoing  statements  to  the 
consideration  of  our  friends.  We  are  sufficiently 
acquainted  with  them  to  know,  that  it  enters  not 
into  their  thoughts  to  lca\'e  the  members  of  the 
Committee  to  support  alone  the  responsibility 
and  the  difficulties  of  such  a  situation.  But 
we  know  also,  that  when  men  are  not  daily  in- 
formed of  the  various  aspects  which  the  advance 
of  a  great  cause  presents,  they  insensibly  come 
to  make  it  no  longer  a  subject  of  habitual  con- 
cern. But  the  Lord  has  designated  for  the  sup- 
port of  all  operations  which  relate  to  the  ad- 
vancement of  his  glory,  a  line  of  conduct  which 
secures  us  not  only  from  being  wholly  forgotten, 
but  from  any  measure  of  undue  neglect,  "  Con- 
cerning the  collection  for  the  Saints,"  wrote  an 
Apostle,  "  as  I  have  given  order  to  the  churches 
of  Galatia,  even  so  do  ye.  Upon  the  first  day 
of  the  week  let  every  one  of  you  lay  by  him  in 
store,  as  God  hath  prospered  him." 

Do  this,  let  it  be  done  with  devotion,  and  the 
Evangelical  Society  of  France  will  need  no  ex- 
traordinary exertions  to  find  the  means  which 
are  wanting  for  the  maintenance  of  an  estab- 
lishment composed,  at  this  time,  of  eighty-five 
agents  in  active  service,  and  fort3'-fivc  educated 
teachers  of  both  sexes, — that  is,  one  hundred 
and  thirty  friends.  This  number  too,  the  en- 
largement of  which  we  ought  to  expect,  by  rea- 
son of  the  different  openings  made  on  various 
sides,  speaks  with  sufficient  eloquence,  it  seems 
to  us,  to  the  point  that  the  progress  of  the  work 
is  by  no  means  to  be  regarded  among  the  num- 
ber of  fictions. 

The  additions  recently  made  to  the  number 


34 


THE  FOREIGN  MISSIONARY  CHRONICLE. 


of  agents  actively  engaged,  will  doubtless  give 
pleasure  to  those  who  have  read  our  last  publi- 
cation, and  who  learned  from  it  how  greatly 
we  lamented  the  want  of  means  to  extend  and 
strengthen  the  action  of  the  Society  at  the  grand 
centres  of  evangelization,  such  as  those  desig- 
nated in  the  departments  of  Lower-Charente, 
of  Upper- Vienne,  and  of  Yonne.  Thanks  be 
to  God,  new  messengers  of  the  glad  tidings  have 
been  sent  to  those  regions,  and  also  to  others. 
For  it  would  be  an  error  to  imagine  that  our 
whole  force  is  concentrated  upon  these  points 
alone,  to  the  utter  neglect  of  equally  pressing 
appeals  from  a  multitude  of  other  places.  Facts 
of  a  very  encouraging  nature  are  taking  place 
in  the  department  of  Yonne,  concerning  which 
a  special  notice  is  preparing.  But  it  cannot  be 
too  much  dwelt  upon,  in  order  that  the  true  and 
real  state  of  things  may  be  understood,  that  the 
same  facts  in  almost  the  same  manner  are  oc- 
curring in  seven  or  eight  other  departments, 
where  the  minds  of  men  are  tired  and  disgusted 
with  the  empty  ceremonies  of  a  lifeless  worship, 
which  for  this  long  while  the  vast  majority  have 
not  observed  even  in  appearance. 

Hitherto,  in  fact,  dissatisfaction  with  the  ex- 
isting form  of  religion  has  been  the  prevailing 
motive  with  the  larger  part  of  those  who  are 
drawn  to  hear  our  evangelists.  They  find  their 
instructions  adapted  to  wants  of  the  heart,  the 
existence  and  nature  of  which  they  themselves 
are  as  yet  scarcely  aw^are  of;  and  to  ascribe 
religious  sentiments  more  definite  than  this  to 
the  crowds  that  throng  together  at  all  our  places 
of  worship,  would  be  to  go  beyond  the  truth. 
It  is  granted  that  the  movements  with  which 
we  are  concerned  are  not  like  that  mentioned 
in  the  acts  of  the  Apostles,  in  the  course  of 
which,  three  thousand  persons  were  added  to 
the  church  on  a  single  day. 

But  having  made  this  concession,  it  remains 
not  at  all  less  certain  that,  whatever  movements 
like  those  around  us  have  manifested  and  con- 
tinue to  manifest  themselves,  there  are  found 
souls  that  receive  deep  and  abiding  impressions ; 
and  it  is  a  joyful  certainty,  which  leaves  no 
room  for  doubt,  that  a  band  more  or  less  numer- 
ous, separate  themselves,  and  become  decided 
converts  to  the  belief  of  the  vital  doctrines  of 
salvation.  A  few  facts  will  serve  to  justify  this 
assertion. 

"  I  have  now  been  settled  here  some  weeks," 
writes  a  pastor,  "  in  order  to  carry  on  the  work 
pointed  out  and  put  into  actual  operation  by  our 
dear  Mr.  A.,  whose  activity  appears  to  increase 
in  proportion  to  the  labour  to  be  performed. 
The  meetings  which  at  first  counted  no  more 
than  fifteen  persons,  now  rise  to  sixty  or  a  hun- 
dred, who  all  listen  with  attention  to  the  glad 
tidings,  nejcs  indeed  to  the  greater  part  of  them. 
But  our  influence  reaches  beyond  the  limits  of 
the  chapel,  and  by  the  means  of  tracts,  dissemi- 


nated with  profusion  in  the  town  and  its  neigh- 
bourhood, there  may  be  said  to  be  a  general 
awakening  here.  For  this  people  who  have 
no  religion  are  not  thoroughly  irreligious.  The 
religion  of  money,  as  they  delight  to  call  it,  pro- 
vokes their  indignation,  but  the  Gospel  may 
every  where  be  proclaimed  without  fear  of  op- 
position from  cither  sceptics  or  scoffers." 

"  On  the  2d  and  3d  of  this  month,  in  the 
evening,  we  had,  at  A.,  two  services  in  a  low, 
confined  room,  able  to  hold  a  hundred  persons 
with  convenience.  More  than  twice  that  many, 
however,  were  crowded  there  on  the  first  day, 
without  counting  an  almost  equal  number  on 
the  staircase,  and  in  the  street,  where  a  little 
could  be  heard  through  the  windows.  On  the 
next  day,  another  meeting  was  held,  quite  aiB 
numerous,  notwithstanding  no  notice  had  been 
given  out  on  the  evening  before,  and  much 
more  attentive,  accompanied  throughout  with 
marked  interest.  There  were  those  postures 
of  fixed  attention  which  expressed  by  the  look 
that  sentiment  of  approbation  they  could  not  by 
the  voice.  '  Ah,  if  you  were  to  come  regularly,' 
said  an  honest  man,  '  the  little  church  would 
soon  outnumber  the  great  one.'  *  Now,  we 
have  the  true  religion  at  last,'  said  another. 
'  And  all  for  nothing,'  added  a  tradeswoman 
that  sold  cheap  trinkets.  '  It  is  very  ^ood,  it 
must  be  confessed,'  said  the  most  evil-disposed. 
Our  private  visits  are  equally  well  received; 
every  one  is  asking  whether  a  minister  will  soon 
settle  permanently  among  them.  In  our  rounds 
a  man  stepped  up  and  said  to  one  of  us,  '  Good 
morning,  my  pastor.  It  would  give  me  great 
pleasure  if  you  would  come  in  to  my  house.' 
And  he  would  take  no  denial.  '  You  believe 
in  the  Father,  in  the  Son,  and  in  the  Holy 
Ghost,'  added  he.  '  It  is  enough  for  me  to  know 
that  you  believe  in  the  Father,  in  the  Son,  and 
in  the  Holy  Ghost.  That  is  my  creed  too.'  In 
another  place  there  is  a  sick  woman  who  hears 
us  with  interest,  and  tells  us,  with  tears  in  her 
eyes,  when  we  leave  her,  that  our  visit  has  done 
her  good,  and  earnestly  begs  us  not  to  forget 
where  she  lives. 

"  But  that  which  gave  us  the  most  lively  sa- 
tisfaction was  to  find  at  A.  a  converted  family, 
a  Priscilla  and  an  Aquila,  who  already  have 
the  church  in  their  house,  and  who  will  beo. 
great  service  to  the  future  pastor  of  this  rising 
flock.  This  married  couple,  who  fill  a  respect- 
able station  in  society,  and  of  whom  the  wife, 
formerly  a  very  devoted  Catholic,  found  an 
imaginary  peace  in  the  worship  of  Mary,  were 
providentially  brought  to  the  saving  knowledge 
of  the  Gospel,  by  a  tract,  L'Ame  Angoiss^e, 
given  to  one  of  their  neighbours.  This  tract 
which  contained  many  texts  of  Scripture,  led 
them  to  purchase  a  Bible ;  the  perusal  of  which 
they  commenced  at  the  Book  of  Genesis,  in- 
tending to  read  it  through.    *  I  confess,'  said 


THE  FOREIGN  MISSIONARY  CHRONICLE. 


35 


the  husband  to  us,  '  the  first  time  we  read  this 
•book,  it  did  not  appear  to  us  to  be  what  it  was 
said  to  be ;  many  things  stumbled  us.  On  a 
second  perusal  it  seemed  already  much  better ; 
but  upon  the  third,  we  said,  '  This  is  indeed  the 
word  of  God.'  It  is  delightful  now  to  hear 
them  speak  of  their  hopes  and  their  happiness, 
and  to  see  their  zeal  for  the  spread  of  the  Gos- 
pel. They  were  on  the  eve  of  leaving  A.,  when 
public  worship  was  opened  there.  Although 
there  is  nothing  that  could  keep  them,  and  their 
interests,  and  their  affections  too,  call  them  else- 
where, they  have  resolved  to  stay,  for  the  sole 
purpose  of  bearing  their  testimony  to  the  truth 
in  the  town,  in  which  the  stirrings  of  the  Spirit 
from  on  high  seem  ready  to  commence." 

In  a  letter  from  another  evangelist  we  read 
the  following  : 

"  Before  meetings  were  started  in  this  region, 
feuds  and  rivalries,  deep  and  bitter,  existed 
amongst  the  villages  and  hamlets.  On  the  most 
trivial  occasion,  scuffles  and  fatal  conflicts  took 
place.  To  raise  a  hurrah  for  his  own  town  was 
the  signal  for  an  assault  on  the  imprudent  or 
fool-hardy  man  who  did  it,  with  clubs  and 
stones ;  and  he  might  count  himself  exceedingly 
fortunate  if  he  was  not  left  lifeless  on  the  ground. 
'  Their  feet  were  swift  to  shed  blood.  They 
knew  not  the  way  of  peace.  There  was  no 
fear  of  God  before  their  eyes.'  The  change 
produced  by  the  preaching  of  the  Gospel,  upon 
the  manners  and  customs  of  this  people,  is  re- 
markable :  it  is  truly  a  moral  transformation. 
The  men,  lately  so  cruel  and  revengeful,  arc 
now  gentle  and  forbearing :  those  women,  de- 
void of  delicacy,  are  become  distinguished  for 
their  modesty.  In  short,  beautiful  and  cheering 
as  it  is  to  behold  the  zeal,  the  alacrity  with 
which  this  people,  born  but  yesterday,  hasten 
to  the  meetings,  it  is  not  less  so  to  see  the  atten- 
tion, the  avidity  with  which  they  listen  to  the 
word  of  life.  A  word  uttered  which  bore  any 
reference  to  the  fundamental  truths  of  the  Bible, 
would  be  at  once  remarked  by  my  audience,  al- 
though in  general  they  have  little  intellectual 
cultivation." 

An  agent  placed  at  one  of  the  new  stations 
that  have  shared  in  those  great  movements  we 
have  already  several  times  spoken  of,  gives  us 
proofs  that  something  more  is  concerned  than 
mere  curiosity  in  regard  to  a  novel  religion, 
something  beyond  the  opposition  of  men  to  a 
worship  of  which  they  have  grown  weary. 
Our  friend  moreover  observes  that  his  audience, 
which  usually.numbers  from  three  to  four  hun- 
dred persons,  makes  evident  advances  in  the 
understanding  of  evangelical  doctrines,  and  in 
the  application  of  them  to  practice  in  life.  He 
has  established  on  one  day  of  the  week  a  meet- 
ing intended  to  facilitate  the  perusal  of  the 
Scriptures.  At  this  meeting,  which  is  larger 
than  could  have  been  hoped,  every  one  is  free 


to  offer  whatever  difficulties  he  has  met  with. 
It  is  truly  joyful  to  see  people  who,  like  thosa 
we  speak  of,  seem  so  completely  destitute  of  in 
tellectual  culture,  and  who  a  short  time  sine' 
did  not  even  know  there  was  a  Bible,  com^ 
with  that  holy  book  in  their  hand  to  point  ou^ 
passages  they  do  not  well  comprehend.  Unde* 
the  blessing  of  God  the  influence  of  our  evange'^ 
list  is  extending  farther  and  farther.  In  his" 
last  communications  he  names  several  villages 
quite  distant  from  his  abode  which  have  sent 
him  urgent  appeals.  The  inhabitants  of  one  of 
these  villages  have  made  him  a  promise  that,  if 
he  would  come  and  establish  among  them  the 
evangelical  worship,  they  would  build  a  church 
at  their  own  expense  on  a  piece  of  ground  which 
one  of  them  has  already  given  for  the  purpose. 
It  is  of  interest  to  add  that,  in  the  place  where 
the  people  manifest  the  most  avowed  desire  to 
hear  the  Gospel  preached,  a  cause  may  be  as- 
signed for  the  fact  in  the  presence  of  a  single 
m.an,  who,  after  obtaining  a  Bible,  has  been  so 
greatly  blessed  in  his  researches  and  meditations 
that  he  has  become  an  excellent  evangelist  to 
his  neighbours,  going  among  them  to  read  the 
Gospel  and  tell  them  his  discoveries  and  hopes. 
One  of  his  friends  was  at  last  so  moved  by  the 
words  he  had  addressed  to  him.  that  he  ex- 
claimed "Enough!  I,  too,  will  be  a  Protestant." 
The  signification  which  this  title  bears  among 
Catholics,  who  have  the  Gospel  preached  to 
them  by  true  Christians,  is  that  of  a  man  of  faith 
and  prayer.  Ah,  why  is  it  not  more  generally 
applicable  in  this  sense.  This  was  the  import 
attached  to  it  by  the  man  of  whom  we  have 
been  giving  an  account,  for  he  replied  to  his 
friend,  "  Be  careful.  You  know  now  that  there 
are  many  who  receive  the  seed  in  the  stony 
places,  that  is,  for  a  season." 

When  what  follows  is  read,  which  we  ex- 
tract at  random  from  the  journals  of  evangeHsts 
in  those  places  to  which  the  light  of  the  Gospel 
has  been  recently  carried,  we  will  not  be  sus- 
pected, it  seems  to  us,  of  trying  to  set  off  to  un- 
due advantage  the  true  state  of  things. 

"  What  is  most  encouraging  of  all  with  the 
inhabitants  of  T.,  is  that  one  may  preach  the 
Gospel  to  them  as  long  as  he  pleases  without 
their  growing  tired.  They  find  that  I  never 
stop  among  them  long  enough. 

"  Although  I  had  expected  no  more  than  five 
or  six  heads  of  families,  considering  the  small- 
ness  of  the  chamber  in  which  we  were  to  hold 
our  meeting,  and  though  Mr.  B.,  the  pastor, 
was  to  preach  in  the  evening,  so  large  a  num- 
ber of  persons  came  that  it  was  found  necessary 
to  close  the  doors  when  the  room  was  full  al- 
most to  overflowing.  On  the  morrow^  in  the 
evening  we  assembled  in  the  open  air,  and  we 
were  rejoiced  to  see  the  seriousness  and  gratifi- 
cation visible  in  the  aspect  of  our  numerous 
hearers.    *  What  happiness  is  ours/  cried  some, 


36 


THE  FOREIGN  MISSIONARY  CHRONICLE. 


■  since  the  Society  is  come  to  our  aid,  giving  us 
a  pastor.' 

"  I  have  been,  within  these  few  days,  called 
to  pay  the  last  duties  to  a  young  man  who  died 
at  the  hospital  of  the  village,  and  died,  as  1  hope, 
in  the  knowledge  of  his  Saviour.  I  never  saw 
so  many  at  a  funeral  before ;  and  I  never  pro- 
claimed the  Go?pel  to  such  a  crowd  as  then 
surrounded  me  as  I  stood  by  the  grave.  The 
subsequent  day  two  CathoUcs  came  to  me  to 
buy  a  Bible,  and  two  persons  who  had  been 
living  in  irregular  practices  have  since  put 
themselves  under  my  care  and  are  earnestly 
seeking  to  enter  again  upon  the  good  way." 

A  pastor,  residing  at  one  of  the  towns  where 
general  attention  has  been  directed  to  the  sub- 
ject of  the  Gospel,  gives  us  particulars  of  a  si- 
milar character  respecting  a  burial.  At  the 
hour  fixed  for  the  funeral  procession  to  move, 
almost  two  thousand  people  were  collected  in 
the  vicinity  of  the  house  of  death.  A  service 
was  performed  at  the  door,  which  gave  satisfac- 
tion to  all.  Public  attention  had  been  called  to 
this  ceremony  beforehand,  because  it  was  known 
that  considerable  pains  had  been  taken  to  se- 
cure to  the  clergy  the  possession  of  the  body,  at 
least  in  appearance,  although  the  deceased  had 
belonged  to  the  Protestant  faith.  During  the 
last  days  of  his  illness,  a  sister  of  charity  was 
sent  in  the  first  place  to  those  members  of  the 
family  who  belonged  to  the  church  of  Rome, 
to  persuade  them  to  call  in  a  priest.  She  told 
them,  in  order  to  prevail  upon  them,  that  in  all 
ages  the  Catholic  religion  had  been  the  true 
one,  that  Abraham  was  a  Catholic,  and  that 
.lesus  Christ  had  declared  positively  that  no  one 
could  be  saved  except  in  that  religion.  This 
first  attempt  having  miscarried,  they  dispatched 
a  second  emissary.  He  was  willing  to  agree 
that  the  dying  man  should  neither  know  nor 
see  the  priest  that  was  to  be  sent.  '  The  only 
important  thing  is,'  said  he,  '  that  the  public 
should  know  and  see  that  a  priest  has  entered 
your  house,  and  that  the  rites  of  the  church 
can,  in  consequence,  be  performed  without  hin- 
derance.'  This  second  proposal  was  likewise 
rejected :  it  served,  however,  to  enlighten  a  great 
many  persons. 

'=  A  land-holder  from  St.  M.,  a  commune 
which  reckons  over  a  thousand  inhabitants," 
writes  a  pastor,  '-called  this  morning  to  bring 
again  to  me  the  two  petitions  which  have  once 
before  reached  me,  with  very  many  signatures. 
A  neighbour  of  his,  a  man  of  considerable 
wealth,  the  owner  of  an  estate,  makes  the  offer 
of  a  piece  of  ground  as  a  donation,  for  the  erec- 
tion of  a  church.  He  has  himself  promised  me 
ten  days  of  a  man's  labour,  a  cart  and  three 
horses  for  the  transportation  of  building  mate- 
rials, and  he  assures  me  that  a  great  part  of  the 
inhabitants  of  the  commune  are  prepared  to 
show  the  same  prompt  zeal." 


"We,  the  undersigned  citizens  of  V.,"  we 
read  in  a  letter  addressed  to  one  of  our  friends, 
"  earnestly  pray  you  to  favour  us  with  the  2  ^- 
tinued  enjoyment  of  your  holy  ministry,  which 
has  already  been  to  us  a  source  of  so  much  edi- 
fication. Being  completely  undeceived  in  re- 
spect to  the  errors  and  superstitious  practices 
of  the  Church  of  Rome;  feeling  the  need  of  a 
serious  religion  which  can  both  serve  as  the 
guide  of  our  lives,  and  offer  a  sure  ground  of 
hope  at  the  hour  of  death ;  and  having  found 
such  a  religion  in  the  pure  Gospel  of  Jesus 
Christ,  which  you  have  come  to  preach  to  us, 
and  which  we  read  for  ourselves  in  the  Sacred 
volume  that  contains  it ;  we  declare  that  we  ad- 
here to  it  with  all  our  hearts,  and  that  we  are 
willing  to  persevere  in  making  a  public  profes- 
sion of  it  throughout  the  whole  extent  of  our 
existence. — Although  little  advanced  as  yet  in 
our  acquaintance  with  this  Divine  religion,  and 
notwithstanding  the  progress  we  all  feel  the  ne- 
cessity of  making,  we  believe  that  we  can  call 
ourselves  men  of  the  same  faith  with  you,  and 
in  that  character  we  agree  to  recognise  you  for 
our  pastor.  Confiding  in  the  royal  government, 
as  well  as  obedient  to  the  laws  of  our  country, 
we  are  persuaded  that  nothing  will  occur  to  put 
a  restraint  or  check  upon  the  first  and  most 
precious  of  our  liberties.  Yet,  if  contrary  to 
our  expectation,  any  one  should,  in  the  course 
of  time,  wish  to  raise  up  obstacles  in  the  way 
of  the  free  profession  of  our  evangelical  faith, 
we  will  hold  ourselves  ready  to  protest  by  every 
lawful  method  against  every  arbitrary  and  op- 
pressive act  tending  to  this  result,  and  to  prose- 
cute the  redress  of  such  a  wrong  as  the  heaviest 
injury  that  could  be  done  to  us.  With  such 
firm  convictions,  reverend  sir,  we  again  pray 
the  continuance  of  the  o^ces  of  your  ministry 
among  us,  and  w^e  tender  you  the  assurance  of 
our  gratitude  and  strong  attachment." 

We  sincerely  desire  that  declarations  such 
as  this  might  be  without  restraint  and  volunta- 
rily drawn  up  by  the  people  of  the  evangehzed 
districts.  It  would  be  one  of  the  best  means  to 
put  an  end  to  all  false  interpretations  of  the  fun- 
damental law  of  the  realm. 

One  fact  more  and  we  have  done. 

Every  year  at  this  season  the  Committee  go  to 
St.  Denis,  near  Paris,  to  be  present  at  the  dis- 
tribution of  the  rewards  given  to  the  pupils  of 
the  two  schools  they  have  founded  in  that  town. 
This  meeting  has  always  had  this  interesting 
circumstance  connected  with  it,  the  large  audi- 
ence that  assembles  with  the  view  of  hearing 
the  Christian  words  that  are  spoken  on  the  oc- 
casion. 

As  it  was  known  beforehand  that  the  con- 
course of  hearers  would  be  uncommonly  great, 
the  public  ball-room  was  hired.  The  appear- 
ance of  this  elegant  saloon,  which  will  hold  it 
is  said  a  thousand  persons,  was  of  the  most  ani- 


THE  FOREIGN  MISSIONARY  CHRONICLE. 


37 


mating  description.  Almost  eight  hundred  in- 
dividuals were  seen  surrounding  the  pupils  of 
the  two  schools.  The  interest  which  was  mani- 
fested in  hearing  the  discourse  of  the  Rev.  Fre- 
deric ]Monod,  and  the  counsels  addressed  to  the 
children  by  another  member  of  the  Committee, 
the  serious  attention  paid  to  the  singing  of  the 
hymns,  and  to  the  prayers,  plainly  showed  that 
each  one  approved  cordially  the  whole  of  the 
exercises  of  this  domestic  festival.  While  be- 
holding such  a  spectacle  it  was  natural  to  take 
a  survey  of  the  facilities  which  the  Lord  has 
granted  to  this  work  of  evangelization,  and  this 
made  it  the  more  gratifying  to  hear  that  good 
news  announced  in  the  name  of  the  Committee 
by  the  Rev.  Mr.  Monod ;  that  the  Society  are 
now  making  preparations  to  erect  a  larger  place 
of  worship  at  St.  Denis  than  the  one  already 
there,  which  is  filled  every  Sunday  ;  and  also 
two  school-rooms,  larger  than  those  which  have 
been  hitherto  occupied.  It  will  be  seen  that 
there  is  not,  at  this  station,  which  is  one  of  the 
earliest,  any  decline  in  the  labours  prosecuted. 
Thanks  be  to  God,  the  case  is  the  same,  we  re- 
peat it,  at  the  greater  number  of  the  other  sta- 
tions which  have  been  occupied  for  a  series  of 
years. 

Now  we  leave  it  to  our  friends  to  determine 
what  sort  of  assistance  they  have  to  give  to  a 
work  so  greatly  blessed.  We  leave  them  to  de- 
termine, in  view  of  these  blessings,  whether  the 
Committee  have  done  wrong  in  pledging  them- 
selves for  sums  so  considerable  as  those  speci- 
fied at  the  opening  of  this  letter ;  and  whether 
it  is  expedient  for  the  interests  of  the  great  la- 
bours with  which  they  are  charged,  to  spend 
precious  time  in  procuring,  by  their  own  exer- 
tions and  with  great  difficulty,  supplies  of  money 
to  relieve  the  agents  of  the  Society  from  all 
anxiety  about  their  daily  subsistence. 

Having  put  these  questions,  we  look  to  our 
God,  and  we  have  the  firm  expectation  that 
what  he  has  so  well  begun  he  will  carry  through 
in  like  manner,  and  that  he  will  give  to  his  dear 
children,  to  those  who  daily  say  to  him,  '  Thy 
kingdom  come,'  all  the  zeal  and  the  devotion 
that  are  requisite  to  attest  the  sincerity  of  their 
prayers. 


JOURNAL  OP  THE  REV.  J.  M.  JAMIESOX  :  AN  AC- 
COUNT OF  A  MISSIONARY  TOUR  THROUGH  GUR- 
WAL  AND  KAMAUN. 

Concluded  from  page  8. 

Notices  of  the  journey — An  eligible  Mission  sta- 
tion— A  Hindu  reading  Mat.  v.  1-11 — Festi- 


val of  the  Uoli — Almorak  and  notices  of  tfu: 
inhabitants — Cultivation  of  Tea. 

March  1st,  Chamar  Goon,  18  miles.  Passed 
several  large  villages  to-day,  but  as  we  had  a 
long  march  before  us,  we  had  not  time  to  stop 
at  them  all.  Road  good  for  the  first  half  of  the 
way.  Crossed  a  large  stream  of  water,  and 
then  ascended  a  high  and  difficult  hill  covered 
with  firs,  on  the  opposite  side  of  which  we 
pitched  our  tent,  and  have  stopped  for  the  night. 

2r/,  Deorah  Hath,  13  miles.  Descended 
early  this  morning  to  the  Ram  Ganun^  a  hand- 
some river  which  forms  the  boundary  between 
Garvral  and  Kamaun,  and  breakfasted  on  its 
right  bank.  Preached  to  a  number  of  brah- 
mans  and  faquirs  who  reside  in  an  adjoining 
village  and  temple,  and  gave  them  books. 

After  crossing  the  river  we  entered  K'^.viaun, 
and  ascended  a  high  hill,  along  the  summit  of 
which  our  road  led  to  this  place.  Deorah  Hath 
Bungalov:  is  situate  in  the  midst  of  much  culti- 
vation, and  surrounded  by  many  villages  and 
temples,  said  to  have  been  erected  by  the  gods 
many  thousands  of  years  ago.  The  whole 
countr\^,  for  several  miles  around,  has  the  ap- 
pearance of  table-land,  and  would  afford  the 
best  field  for  a  Missionary  of  any  place  I  have 
seen  in  the  hills.  Its  elevation  is  about  5,000 
feet,  and  is  only  15  miles  distant  from  Almorak, 
where  a  missionary  could  obtain  all  his  sup- 
plies. The  inhabitants  are  chiefl}'  brahmans. 
and  man}^  of  them  can  read  fluently.  Several 
of  them  have  been  educated  at  Benares. 

Mr.  M.  is  much  pleased  with  the  place,  and 
thinks  the  London  Missionary  Society  may  yet 
have  a  Mission  here. 

Zd,  Deorah  Hil.h  (Sabbath),  Had  divine  ser- 
vice in  Hindustani  as  usual,  this  morning,  for 
the  edification  of  ourselves  and  Masih  Prasad  ; 
after  which  we  sent  to  the  neighbouring  villa- 
ges to  invite  all  the  readers  to  come  for  books, 
and  to  hear  an  address  on  the  subject  of  reli- 
gion. Some  twenty  or  thirty  persons  came, 
among  whom  were  a  few  Pundits,  who  read 
Sniscrlt  pretty  well.  To  all  of  whom  we 
preached  the  Gospel  and  gave  books.  To  a 
Pundit  who  appeared  to  be  the  chief  man  of  the 
district,  Mr.  M.  gave  a  Sanscrit  New  Testa- 
ment, and  having  turned  up  the  5th  chapter  of 
Matthew,  asked  him  to  read  and  expound  the 
beatitudes.  This  he  commenced  with  great  self- 
importance,  but  to  our  suprise,  misconstrued 
them  every  one.  He  gave  their  literal  and  gram- 
matical construction,  but  of  their  spiritual  mean- 
ing, he  was  entirely  ignorant.  Thus,  it  is  to  be 
feared,  many  of  the  heathen  who  read  our  sa- 
cred books  fluently  in  their  own  languages,  can- 
not comprehend  their  spirituality.  And  hence 
the  necessity  for  the  living  preacher  to  accom- 
pany the  Word. 


38 


THE  FOREIGN  MISSIONARY  CHRONICLE. 


On  account  of  the  Holi,  which  the  vil- 
lagers were  celebrating,  it  v/as  with  much 
difficulty  we  procured  any  supplies.  This 
festival  is  held  at  the  approach  of  the 
vernal  equinox.  It  continues  several  days, 
during  which  men,  women  and  children  amuse 
themselves  by  throwing  red  powder  on  each 
other,  singing  obscene  songs,  giving  abusive 
language  to  all  they  meet,  and  dancing.  Child- 
ren, on  these  occasions  forgetting  the  relation 
they  sustain  to  their  parents,  and  brothers,  and 
sisters,  accost  them  in  the  most  indecent  man- 
ner, and  vice  versa.  It  is,  I  believe,  held  in  me- 
mory of  Krishnu's  gambols  with  his  milk-maids. 

4//^,  Gidi  Bassar,  13  7nilcs. — Our  road  this 
morning  led  over  table-land  nearly  all  the  way 
to  this  place.  It  is  beautifully  cultivated,  con- 
tains many  large  villages,  and  would  afford  a 
good  field  for  missionary  labour.  We  are  now 
pitched  among  some  straw  huts,  and  within 
sight  of  Almorah.  There  is  no  village  near  our 
camp-ground,  and  the  neighbourhood  very  rag- 
ged and  barren.   Supplies  obtained  at  a  distance. 

5tk,  Almorah,  13  miles. — For  several  miles 
our  road  was  almost  level  and  good.  Descend- 
ed to  a  considerable  stream  of  water,  crossed  it 
by  an  iron  suspension  bridge,  to  Havil  Bagh. 
At  this  place  there  is  a  cantonment  and  several 
officers'  houses ;  also  lines  for  half  a  regiment 
of  native  soldiers.  There  is  considerable  level 
ground  on  the  left  bank  of  the  river,  and  an  ex- 
tensive parade  for  the  assemblage  of  troops.  On 
this  account,  the  regiment  stationed  at  Almo- 
rah, five  miles  distant,  where  there  is  no  level 
ground,  is  divided  into  two  divisions,  which  re- 
side alternately  at  Havil  Bagh,  for  the  pur- 
pose of  exercise.  There  is  a  beautiful  Botani- 
cal Garden  at  this  place,  chiefly  I  believe  for  the 
cultivation  of  tea.  It  is  under  the  superintend- 
ence of  Dr.  J.  From  this  delightful  spot  we 
ascended  a  long  hill  by  a  good  road  to  Almorah, 
and  have,  by  the  kindness  of  Lieut.  J.,  taken 
up  our  abode  in  a  government  bungalow,  situ- 
ate near  the  centre  of  the  bazar. 

&th,  Almorah. — Almorah  is  now  the  capital  of 
Kamaun,  and  was  founded  by  Raja  Kaliyan- 
chand.  about  the  time  oiAkhkar  the  Great.  It  is 
by  far  the  handsomest  and  largest  town  in  the 
hills.  It  is  built  on  the  ridge  of  a  hill,  along  the 
summit  of  which  the  principal  street  runs.  This 
is  more  than  a  mile  in  length,  and  well  paved 
from  one  end  to  the  other  with  flat  stones.  The 
houses  on  each  side  are  compactly  built  of  stone 
and-  slated.  They  are  usually  from  two  to  three 
stories  high,  with  balconies  of  wood  beautifully 
carved,  projecting  from  the  upper  story.  The 
elevation  of  the  town  is  near  6,000  feet  above 
the  level  of  the  sea,  and  its  population  about  5 
or  6,000,  exclusive  of  a  regiment  of  native  sol- 
diers. Its  trade  consists  chiefly  in  borax,  salt, 
musk,  chouries,  shawls,  blankets  and  v/ool 
from  Thibet,  and  corn,  cotton  cloths,  and  iron 


utensils  from  the  plains ;  but  this  does  not  ap- 
pear to  be  in  a  prosperous  state.  The  distance 
from  the  plains  is  about  forty  miles,  and  eight 
or  nine  marches  from  the  border  of  Thibet. 

The  inhabitants  of  Almorah  approach  more 
to  the  people  of  the  plains  in  their  appearance 
and  habits,  than  their  neighbours  of  the  sur- 
rounding hills.  But  here,  as  in  Srinagar,  pros- 
titution prevails  to  an  alarming  extent  

The  hills  of  Kamaun  are  less  lofty  and  rug- 
ged than  those  of  the  other  hill  provinces,  and 
the  valleys  more  susceptible  of  cultivation ;  vil- 
lages are  therefore  more  numerous,  and  the 
population  much  greater.  The  mass  of  the 
people  call  themselves  Rajpiits,  but  brahmani- 
cal  influence  is  very  predominant.  The  brah- 
mans  of  the  JotisM,  or  Josi  caste,  as  they  are 
called, are  the  high  priesthood  of  the  country.  It 
is  supposed  they  came  originally  from  the  south 
of  India.  Few  of  them  possess  much  learning, 
but  they  are  exceedingly  proud  of  what  little 
they  do  know,  and  bigoted.  The  agricultural 
labours  are  conducted  chiefly  by  women.  The 
unnatural  practice  of  polyandry,  which  is  so 
prevalent  in  Basahar,  is  unknown  here, but  po- 
lygamy is  very  common — each  husband  being 
desirous  to  secure  as  many  field-labourers  as 
possible. 

Near  Almorah  there  is  a  tea  garden,  under 
the  care  of  Dr.  J.  also,  but  chiefly  cultivated  ac- 
cording to  the  directions  of  ten  or  twelve  Chi- 
navien,  who  have  been  brought  from  China bj' 
Government  for  this  purpose.  The  garden 
contains  several  acres  of  ground,  and  the  plants 
appear  to  be  in  a  flourishing  condition.  I  visit- 
ed the  Chinamen  at  their  residence,  and  found 
them  all  sitting  on  chairs  around  a  table,  sip- 
ping tea  and  brandy.  They  immediately  invi- 
ted me  to  partake  with  them,  and  as  the  tea  was 
of  their  own  manufacturing  at  Almorah,  and 
made  after  the  Chinese  fashion,  I  took  a  cup. 
It  was  an  infusion  of  black  tea,  without  either 
milk  or  sugar.  This  is  kept  hot  in  a  teapot  en- 
veloped in  cotton,  and  placed  on  the  table  for 
constant  use.  I  made  a  number  of  inquiries 
about  the  preparing  of  the  green  leaves  of  the 
plant,  and  as  to  the  mode  of  manufacturing  the 
various  kinds  of  tea.  The  leaves,  as  soon  as 
they  are  sufficiently  matured,  are  carefully  pick- 
ed and  placed  in  the  sun  to  dry.  They  are  af- 
terwards rubbed  between  the  hands.  This 
done,  they  are  placed  on  copper  plates,  I  be- 
lieve, over  a  slow  furnace  and  farther  dried. 
The  black  tea  is  made  from  the  older  and  coars- 
er leaves,  and  not  so  much  rubbed  as  the  green. 
This  is  as  I  understood  the  Chinamen,  but  as 
they  spoke  very  imperfect  Hindustani,  I  may 
have  7?ifsunderstood  them.  One  of  them  reads 
the  Chinese  language  well.  And  I  promised, 
if  possible,  to  send  him  a  New  Testament  in  his 
own  tongue.  The  others  are  all  illiterate.  I 
procured  some  of  their  A  Imorah  tea  as  a  speci- 


THE  FOREIGN   MISSIONARY  CHRONICLE. 


39 


men  It  is  black,  the  only  kind  they  have  yet 
made.  It  appears  pretty  good,  but  wants  the 
fine  flavour  of  the  genuine  China  tea. 

Bazar  scliool — Almorah  as  a  Mission  station — 
Village  of  a  Naik — Notice  of  Lake  Naini  Tal. 

6th. — Visited  a  bazar  school  this  morning, 
which  I  was  told  is  supported  by  the  political 
authorities  of  the  station.  There  were  eight  or 
ten  boys  in  the  school,  all  learning  Sanscrit  from 
their  own  Shastras.  Upon  inquiring  if  no  ver- 
nacular works  were  taught  in  the  school,  I  was 
shown  a  few  of  the  Agra  School  Book  Socieii/s 
publications  carefully  laid  up  in  a  book-case, 
evidently  but  little  used.  As  for  European  Ge- 
ography, Astronomy,  Arithmetic,  or  History, 
all  of  which  are  found  among  the  above  Socie- 
ty's vernacular  works,  neither  Pundit  nor  scho- 
lars knew  or  cared  any  thing.  No  wonder  such 
schools  are  inefficient,  and  disappoint  their  be- 
nevolent but  mistaken  founders.  I  invited  the 
Pundit  and  his  scholars  to  our  bungalow  te 
hear  an  address  on  Christianity,  and  to  receive 
books.  They  came  in  the  evening,  and  were 
addressed  by  Mr.  M.  and  myself.  The  school 
pundit  and  several  others  who  accompanied 
him,  defended  their  creed  strenuously,  but  were 
polite  and  reasonable.  The  Pundits  and  the 
scholars  accepted  anumberof  portions  of  Scrip- 
tures in  Sanscrit  and  Hindi,  and  left  us  much 
pleased  with  their  reception. 

As  a  field  for  missionary  pursuits,  Almorah 
possesses  many  advantages.  In  comparison 
with  other  hill  towns,  it  is  surrounded  by  a 
densely  inhabited  and  well  cultivated  country. 
The  roads  are  numerous  and  good,  which  ren- 
ders access  to  the  larger  villages  easy.  There 
are  several  passes  at  no  great  distance  leading 
from  Kamaun  into  Thibet,  tlirough  which  the 
Gospel  might  be  sent  or  carried  to  the  trans- 
Himalaya,  or  countries  dependent  o-n  China. 
Near  these  passes  there  are  large  Fairs  held 
several  times  in  the  year,  viz :  at  Bagh-Ishcar 
and  Ckailali,  which  are  frequented  by  traders 
from  Thibet,  Ehotan  and  Kavumn;  also  from 
Kashipur,  Muradabad  and  Barcilly  on  the 
plains.  These  might  likewise  afford  facilities 
for  circulating  a  knowledge  of  Christianity 
through  all  the  abo^-c  named  places.  The  cli- 
mate af  Almorah  i-s  also  much  in  its  favour — 
equal,  in  rey  estimation,  to  that  of  any  of  the 
places  of  resort  for  health  on  the  hills.  It  might 
be  kept  as  a  resort  for  invalid  missionaries,  such 
as  Sabathu  is  by  the  Mission  to  which  I  belong. 
Mr.  M.  is  much  encouraged  by  the  prospect  of 
usefulness  and  health  which  Almorah  holds  out, 
and  has  strongly  recommended  the  immediate 
commencement  of  a  branch  Mission  in  it  by  the 
I^ndon  Missionary  Society,  of  which  he  is  a 
member- 


Penri,  8  miles. — After  remaining  in 
Almorah  several  days,  we  marched  to  this  place 
to-day.  The  road,  being  the  only  one  leading 
to  the  plains,  is  good,  but  the  descent  to  a  large 
stream  of  water  crossed  by  an  iron  suspension 
bridge,  a  short  distance  from  Almorah,  is  long 
and  steep.  The  ascent  to  the  Pc/iri  bungalow 
is  also  difficult.  The  country  through  which 
we  have  passed  is  almost  barren  of  vegetation, 
and  destitute  of  villages, 

l2//i,  Ramghur  Bmigalov:,  12  miles. — Stop- 
ped at  a  large  and  flourishing  looking  village 
near  the  road,  but  found  it  almost  deferted.  It 
belonged  to  Naik,  or  chief  prostitute,  and  was, 
we  were  told,  farmed  out  to  her  by  Government. 
She  was  building  a  new  residence,  for  which 
she  was  to  pay  the  carpenter  alone  600  rs.  The 
village  is  entirely  occupied  by  persons  of  her 
own  character  and  sex.  These  are  all  subject 
to  the  Naik,  and  obligated  to  send  her  a  certain 
portion  of  their  nefarious  gams  at  stated  periods, 
with  the  exception  of  a  few  whose  age  and  de- 
formities have  compelled  to  desist  from  their  evil 
course  of  life,  the  inhabitants  are  at  present 
all  on  the  plains,  and  wherever  there  is  a  de- 
mand for  them  

We  have  met  with  no  readers  to-day,  and  had 
no  opportunities  of  preaching.  Nearly  all  the 
people  who  inhabit  these  outer  ranges  of  thq 
Himalayas,  spend  the  cold  season  with  their 
cattle  in  the  T'arai,  or  in  cultivating  their  fields 
which  they  have  opened  out  in  it.  In  the  hot 
season,  they  rctuni  to  their  mountain  homes  to 
avoid  the  great  heat  and  malaria  of  the  Tarai. 
On  this  account  we  met  with  but  fcw  people  of 
any  description. 

loth,  Naini  Tal,  13  miles. — Arrived  at  this 
place  about  noon  by  a  circuitous,  and  in  many 
places,  a  bad  road.  A  short  distance  from 
Ravtghur  we  crossed  a  high  mountain,  and  af- 
ter descending  almost  to  its  base,  left  the  Toad 
to  the  plains,  and  took  a  newly  made  path  which 
led  us  to  this  celebrated  spot.  Naini  Tal  has 
lately  been  selected  as  a  Sanitarium,  and  is  in 
many  respects  one  of  the  most  beautiful  places 
for  this  purpose  in  the  hills.  Th<!  lake,  how- 
ever, is  its  chief  attraction ;  clear,  deep,  placid 
and  spacious,  it  is  quite  a  curio.sity  in  the  Hima- 
laya, where  all  else  is  rugged,  turbulent,  and 
sublime.  Its  circumference  is  about  throe  miles, 
and  its  depth  so  great  that  the  natives  say  it  has 
no  bottom.  The  water  is  strongly  impregnated 
with  lime,  and  so  cold  that  neither  fish  nor  any 
insect  can  live  in  it.  It  has  at  present  no  per- 
ceptible inlet,  bvit  must  have  a  subterraneous 
one.  It  has  an  outlet,  but  the  quantity  of  wa- 
ter that  issues  from  it  is  very  small.  The  lake 
is  in  a  natural  basin,  and  bounded  on  three  sides 
by  mountains.  To  the' north,  and  some  dis- 
tance from  the  water,  a  high  and  rugged  preci- 
pice arises  almost  perpendicularly,  and  covn- 


40 


THE  FOREIGN  MISSIONARY  CHRONTCLE, 


plctely  shuts  out  the  siiowy  range  and  all  that 
is  beyond.  To  the  east  there  is  a  beautiful 
sloping  hill  and  ridge,  which  would  alTord  nu- 
merous sites  overlooking  the  lake.  To  the 
west,  the  mountain  is  rather  precipitous  for 
some  hundred  feet  above  the  water.  The  de- 
clivity is  then  more  gentle,  and  abounds  with 
excellent  sites  for  ho'^svses.  To  the  south,  where 
the  water  issues  from  the  lake,  tlw^re  is  no  ob- 
struction. The  wide-extended  j)lains  with  their 
teeming  population,  lie  stretched  below,  and 
gradually  melt  av/ay  in  the  distance.  The 
mountains  in  the  vicinity  of  the  lake  abound 
with  limestone,  and  are  covered  with  oak,  rodo- 
deudron,  and  the  gigantic  cypress.  The  eleva- 
tion of  the  kke  is  about  5,000  feet  above  the 
level  of  tlie  sea,^.  and  the  surrounding  ridges 
some  1500  feet  higher.  The  distance  from  the 
plains,  by  the  road,  is  only  six  miles,  and  She 
access  esisy.  There  are  at  present  eight  houses 
being  built,  and  Mr.  B.,  who  discovered  the 
place,  appears  to  be  confident  that  it  will  suc- 
ceed. Should  a  good  road  be  made  around  the 
lake,  and  a  handsome  lit'de  steaviboat  be  built  to 
ply  upon  its  waters,  (a  sail  boat  might  be  upset 
by  a  sudden  blast  of  wind,)  Naini  Tal  will 
doubtless  be  the  most  beautiful  of  aH  the  health 
stations  in  the  Himalaya.  The  only  serious 
drawback  to  the  successof  the  place  is,  the  road 
from  the  plains  leading  through  twelve  miles  of 
Tarai.  which  at  certain  seasons  of  the  year  is 
quite  deadly.  It  is  said  there  are  no  Tillages  or 
inhabitants  within  eight  or  ten  miles  of  Naini 
Tal.  This  is  owing  to  the  sterility  of  the  soil 
and  nature  of  the  mountains.  It  would  there- 
f  )re  not  d&  for  a  Mission  station. 

Trees  on  the  Himalaya  mountains — Reach  the 
plains — Chilliea — Notices  of  the  journey — Na- 
gina — Nagihadad — Reach  Harditw. 

Ibth,  Kaladumgi,  13  miles. — After  spending 
two  days  in  Naini  Tal,  we  descended  to  this 
place  to-day.  Our  road  was  pretty  good,  but 
for  the  most  part  steep.  It  first  led  through  a 
forest  of  oaks — then  a  belt  of  pine  (called  chir,) 
and  lastly  a  species  of  shrubbery  common  to  the 
lower  ranges  of  the  Himalaya.  Thus  the  ele- 
vation of  any  given  place  on  the  mountains  may 
he  very  nearly  told  by  the  kind  of  trees  it  pro- 
duces. The  first  remarkable  tree  is  the  chir 
(Scotch  fir,)  found  at  an  elevation  of  from  4,000 
to  G.OOO  feet.  Then  the  oaJc  and  rododcndron, 
at  from  6,000  to  8,000,  and  lastly  the  kelu  (deo- 
dar.) from  8,000  to  10,000.  Above  this,  few 
trees  of  any  size  are  ever  seen.  With  those 
mentioned  various  other  species  are  mixed,  such 
as  the  birch,  maple,  horse-chcsmd,  &c.,  but  their 
line  of  demarcation  is  not  so  distinct.  Kaladun- 
gi  is  situate  in  the  Tarai,  and  four  miles  from 
the  foot  of  the  hills.  It  is  a  small  village  of 
^:iss  houses,  and  only  inhabited  in  the  cold 


season.  It  is  surrounded  by  a  vast  forest,  stand- 
ing in  all  its  pristine  grandeur.  The  trees- 
(many  of  which  are  large,)  are  all,  with  a  fev/ 
exceptions,  unknown  to  us.  There  is  but  little 
underwood,  and  the  pasture  excellent.  The 
soil  is  a  rich,  black  mould,  and  if  cuUivated 
would  be  very  productive.  The  heat,  however, 
in  the  hot  season,  and  the  malaria  in  the  wet, 
are  so  formidable,  that  it  cannot  at  present  be 
inhabited.  Were  the  forest  subdued,  the  latter 
obstacle  would,  in  a  great  measure,  be  obviated. 

\Q>th,  Chilkca,  16  miles.— Wc  have  now  fairly 
tamed  our  faces  towards  Hardwar,  where  we 
entered  the  hills  a  month  ago.  And  as  we  shal! 
have  to  pass  through  a  forest  the  most  of  the 
way  to  that  place,  and  as  the  heat  is  now  very 
oppressive  on  the  plains,  it  is  our  intention  to 
get  over  the  distance  as  speedily  as  possible. 
Our  road  to-day  led  through  a  dense  forest,  in- 
terspersed here  and  there  with  small  spots  of 
cultivation.  On  our  way  we  passed  several 
places  where  some  hundreds  of  people  were  en- 
gaged in  preparing  a  decoction  of  bark  procured 
from  a  tree  in  the  forest.  The  liquor  is  of  a 
beautiful  crimson  colour,  and  is  much  used  in- 
dyeing. 

We  reached  this  place  about  3  o'clock  p.  m., 
much  overcome  by  heat  a:^d  fatigue.  Chilkea 
is  a  considerable  town  just  on  the  borders  of  the 
Tarai,  and  entrance  to  the  open  plains.  It  is 
a  great  mart  for  trade  between  the  inhabitants 
of  the  high  and  low  lands,  and  we  are  told  & 
Fair  for  this  purpose,  which  hundreds  attend, 
is  held  every  Wednesday  and  Sabbath  during 
eight  months  in  the  year.  In  the  evening  went 
to  the  bazar  and  preached  to  a  large  and  atten- 
tive audience,  and  distributed  a  few  books.  On 
oar  way  to  our  tent,  we  passed  a  place  where 
borax  is  manufactured  on  a  large  scale.  The 
raw  material,  or  mineral,  i&  brought  down  from 
Thibet  on  shesp  and  goats,  and  here  purified" 
by  boiling.  It  is  afterwards  crystalized  and  des- 
patched to  all  parts  of  India,  and  even  to  Eu- 
rope and  America.  The  process  of  making  bo- 
rax I  do  not  fully  understand,  but  I  believe  it  is: 
manufactured  as  soda  is. 

\lth,  Chilkea,  (Sabbath)-.-- As  this  was  mar- 
ket-day, and  many  people  collected,  we  had 
frequent  opportunities  of  preaching,  but  as  our 
books  have  nearly  all  been  disposed  of,  we 
could  not  do  much  in  the  way  of  distribution. 
This  we  lamented  much,  for  if  we  had  had 
books,  v/e  might  have  sent  them  far  and  wide 
throughout  the  neighbourhood. 

iSl^h,  Kaskipur,  \Q  miles. — On  account  of  the 
great  heat  of  the  sun  during  the  day,  we  were 
obliged  to  set  out  this  morning  about  four  6"  clocks 
and  travelled  some  four  miles  through  a  forest 
abounding  with  tigers  and  wild  elephants,  be- 
fore we  were  cheered  with  the  light  of  day.  We 
were  rather  uncomfortable  lest  a  tiger  should 
spring  upon  us  vxnawares,  but  proceeded  unmo- 


THE  FOREIGN   MISSIONARY  CHRONICLE. 


41 


Icsted.  After  emerging  from  the  forest,  we  bade 
farewell  to  the  Tarai,  and  entered  upon  the 
open  plains,  Kashipur  is  a  large  and  flourish- 
ing town.  It  is  the  head-quarters  of  a  protected 
Raja,  who,  I  beUeve,  was  formerly  of  some  im- 
portance. We  spent  the  day  ia  a  beautiful 
grove  of  mango  trees,  which  in  some  measure 
sheltered  us  from  the  heat  of  the  sun.  In  the 
evening  we  visited  the  bazar,  had  a  talk  with 
some  of  the  police  officer's  people  on  the  subject 
of  religion,  and  gave  them  a  few  Urdu  tracts. 

near  Jaspur,  13  oniles. — It  was  late  and 
hot  when  we  arrived  this  morning.  Our  road 
was  pretty  good,  and  led  through  a  beautiful, 
fertile  and  well  cultivated  country.  It  lies  par- 
allel with  the  outer  range  of  the  mountains,  and 
distant  from  them  about  15  miles.  Its  bearing 
will  be  the  same  until  it  reaches  Hardii^ar. 
Jaspur  is  a  small  town,  and  being  encamped" 
some  distance  from  it,  and  the  heat  very  oppres- 
sive, we  were  unable  to  do  any  Missionary  work. 

20//t,  SherJcot,  13  miles. — Last  night  had  rain 
and  much  wind,  but  our  little  tent  weathered 
the  storm,  and  kept  us  quite  dry.  Owing  to  the 
great  darkness  of  the  night  our  servants,  whom 
we  sent  on  with  our  goods,  lost  their  way,  and 
did  not  arrive  till  after  two  o'clock,  p.  m.  We 
were  consequently  put  to  much  inconvenience, 
as  we  had  neither  a  shelter  from  the  rain  nor 
any  food.  We  however  procured  a  house  from 
the  police  officer,  and  a  good  substantial  break- 
fast of  cakes,  fried  ghee,  several  kinds  of  dal  and 
sugar  from  the  chief  man  of  the  place.  SherJcot 
has  once  been  a  city  of  some  note,  as  its  decay- 
ed forts  and  palaces  indicate,  but  it  is  now  in 
ruins.  There  has  been  an  almost  incessant 
rain  all  day. 

2lsi5,  Nagina,  10  miles. — Our  march  this 
morning  was  through  a  beautiful  country,  and 
the  road  good.  Saw  large  flocks  of  wild  ducks  on 
the  water-ponds  by  the  way-side  ;  also,  several 
wild  hogs,  which  had  come  to  wallow  in  them. 
Nagina  is  a  large  and  beautiful  city.  The  main 
street  is  near  a  mile  in  length,  handsomely  pav- 
ed with  well-burnt  bricks,  and  lined  with  full 
ihops.  There  are  also  Fairs  held  at  this  place, 
as  at  Chilkea,  every  Wednesday  and  Sabbath, 
during  eight  months  in  the  year.  In  the  eve- 
ning went  to  the  bazar  and  held  several  conver- 
sations with  the  people  on  religious  subjects, 
and  gave  away  a  few  books.  A  European  ser- 
geant, who  has  charge  of  a  small  canal  made 
from  the  hills  to  the  Ganges  for  the  purpose  of 
irrigation,  resides  here. 

22d,  Nagibabod,  12  miles. — After  a  pleasant 
ride,  reached  this  place  about  eight  o'clock,  a.  m., 
and  found  our  tent  pitched  in  a  grove.  In  the 
evening,  Mr.  M.  not  feehng  well,  I  went  to  the 
bazar,  and  found  a  large  and  attentive  audience. 
Afterwards  visited  a  school,  and  gave  several 
books  to  the  pundit  and  scholars.  These  had 
been  sent  out  from  Saharunpur,  by  Mr.  Camp- 


bell, for  my  use,  and  as  our  old  stock  of  book.s 
were  all  gone,  we  were  rejoiced  to  receive  them. 

Nagibabad  is  also  a  large  and  beautiful  city — 
has  three  paved  streets,  and  appears  to  be  a  place 
of  much  trade.  It  is,  however,  like  all  places 
near  the  foot  ofthe  mountains,  unhealthy.  Oth- 
erwise it  would  be  an  excellent  place  for  a  Mis- 
sion station.  It  has  a  population  of  about 
20,000. 

23d. — Our  road  this  morning  approximated 
the  mountains,  and  for  several  miles  led  us 
through  the  skirts  of  a  forest.  At  an  old  fort 
called,  I  believe,  Aligtirh,  we  crossed  the  Gan- 
ges by  a  bridge  of  boats,  and  proceeded  along 
its  right  bank  to  a  small  village.  As  our 
goods  had  been  detained  in  crossing  the 
river,  and  had  not  come  up  on  our  arrival,  we 
had  to  take  shelter  from  the  scorching  sun  in  a 
small  thatched  shed.  The  police  officer,  who  is 
a  kind,  obliging  man,  gave  us  a  good  breakfast; 
but  as  we  had  neither  knives,  nor  forks,  nor 
plates,  we  were  obliged  to  make  the  best  use  of 
our  fingers.  Our  tea,  which  had  been  well  boil- 
ed, we  sipped  from  small  unglazed  earthen  dish- 
es. Our  servants  and  goods  arrived  in  the  after- 
noon. Hundreds  of  pilgrims  on  their  way  to 
the  Hardwar  Fair,  are  encamped  all  around  us. 
I  went  out  in  the  evening  and  preached  to  a 
number  of  them,  and  gave  them  books. 

2ith,  Hardwar,  10  miles. — As  the  sun  is  now 
very  powerful,  and  as  we  had  no  shelter  for  our 
little  tent  where  we  spent  yesterday,  we  conclu- 
ded it  would  be  better  to  come  to  this  place  ear- 
ly in  the  morning,  and  spend  the  Sabbath  with 
our  brethren,  whom  we  expected  to  find  at  the 
Fair.  We  accordingly  set  out  at  four  o'clock, 
A.  M.,  and  reached  Hardwar  a  little  after  sun- 
rise. Here  we  found  brothers  Porter,  Craig 
and  Thompson,  with  several  native  brethren. 
They  had  all  been  on  the  ground  for  three  or 
four  days,  and  had  fairly  commenced  their  la- 
bours among  the  vast  rnnb i^n^lrvs  of  pilgrims  who 
had  already  assembled.  At  eleven  o'clock  we  had 
divine  service  in  English,  and  at  four  in  Hindi. 
Thus  we  passed  the  day,  we  hope,  in  a  profita- 
ble manner. 

It  is  now  six  weeks  since  we  passed  through 
this  place  on  our  way  to  Srinagar  and  Almorah, 
and  we  have  to-day  completed  a  circuit  of  some 
four  hundred  miles.  The  vast  and  rugged 
country  which  we  have  traversed,  was  never  be- 
fore visited  by  a  missionary  of  the  Cross,  or  its 
benighted  inhabitants  told  of  the  Saviour  of  sin- 
ners. May  the  Lord  bless  the  Gospel  seeds 
which  have  been  sown  by  the  way-side,  in  stony 
places,  and  on  mountain  tops,  and  may  the  fruit 
thereof  shake  like  Lebanon. 

Missionary  labours  at  Hardwar — Notices  of  the 
Pilgrims — Reflections. 

April  8lhj  HardvMr. — We  have  now  been 
sixteen  days  at  the  Fair,  and  much  encouraged 


42 


THE  FOREIGN  MISSIONARY  CHRONICLE. 


in  our  labours.  Before  our  arrival,  our  brethren 
had  selected  the  most  eligible  spot  they  could 
find,  and  on  it  pitched  a  tent  for  the  purpose  of 
distributing  books,  and  close  by  it  a  large  shimi- 
ana  (awning)  for  preaching  in.  In  the  front 
of  the  former,  which  was  partly  open,  a  variety 
of  books  on  shelves  were  exposed  so  as  to  invite 
attention.  Here  one  of  the  brethren,  with  seve- 
ral native  assistants,  sat  from  morning  to  night, 
constantly  employed  in  giving  books  to  those 
who  sought  and  could  read  them.  In  this  way 
some  forty-fire  maunds,  or  thirty-six.  hundred  lbs. 
were  distributed  during  the  Fair.  The  most  of 
these  were  tracts.    The  numbers  I  do  not  know. 

In  the  shimiana  meetings  for  preaching  and 
conversation  on  religious  subjects,  were  kept  up 
the  whole  day,  and  always  crowded  by  a  re- 
spectful and  attentive  audience.  It  was  a  most 
refreshing  sight  to  see  not  only  the  shimiana 
filled  within  by  some  two  hundred  interested 
hearers,  but  row  upon  row  on  all  sides  without, 
drinking  in  the  word  of  life. 

On  some  occasions,  when  brother  Thompson, 
who  is  a  complete  master  of  Hindi,  preached, 
one  feeling  of  admiration  seemed  to  pervade  the 
whole  assembly ;  and  twice  when,  with  uplift- 
ed hands,  he  called  upon  all  present  to  rise  and 
join  in  prayer  to  Almighty  God,  the  vast  nVilti- 
tude  stood  up  as  one  man  and  listened  with 
perfect  silence ;  and  once,  after  he  concluded, 
several  exclaimed.  Who  ever  saw  anything  like 
that  in  the  Hindu  religion  1 

Eight  or  ten  respectable  devotees  seem- 
ed much  interested  in  the  doctrines  of  Christiani- 
ty, and  some  of  them  expressed  a  desire  to  em- 
brace them.  They  were  very  punctual  in  their  at- 
tend ance,  and  frequently  came  to  tell  us  they 
knew  by  the  shadow  of  the  tent  the  time  for 
preaching  had  come.  We  invited  those  who 
were  most  promising,  to  accompany  us  home 
for  further  instruction,  but  I  believe  none  of 
them  were  prepared  for  this  step.  What  the 
result  of  the  truth  which  they  have  heard  may 
be,  God  only  knows.  Our  prayer  is,  that  these 
interesting  but  deluded  men  may  yet  be  brought 
to  a  knowledge  of  the  truth  as  it  is  in  Jesus. 

The  present  Fair  is  called  the  Kumbh^  (the 
sign  Aquarius)  and  occurs  every  twelfth  year. 
It  is  supposed  by  the  Hindus,  that  to  bathe  on 
these  occasions,  is  doubly  meritorious.  The 
Kumbh  is  therefore  attended  by  vastly  greater 
multitudes  than  fairs  which  take  place  in  ordi- 
nary years.  The  one  now  assembled,  is  com- 
posed of  people  from  all  parts  of  India  and  the 
surrounding  countries.  Their  number  is  be- 
yorid  conception,  great. 

For  nearly  two  miles  in  each  direction,  is 
spread  out  one  vast  and  crowded  camp,  all  wait- 
ing for  the  propitious  hour  to  be  absolved  from 
their  sins,  by  bathing  in  the  Ganges.  The 
heart  sickens  at  such  a  spectacle,  and  were  it 
not  for  the  cheering  prospect  which  the  sure 


word  of  prophecy  holds  out  to  the  eye  of  faith, 
the  missionary  might  well  despair  of  success. 
But  with  this  full  assurance,  that  not  only  the 
idolatrous  Hindu,  but  all  the  heathen  nations 
of  the  earth  shall  be  brought  into  subjection  to 
Christ,  it  is  our  duty  to  persevere  in  our  arduous 
work,  knowing  that  we  shall  reap  in  due  time 
if  we  faint  not.  Let  us  who  are  missionaries 
of  the  cross,  not  become  weary  of  it.  Let  us 
exalt  the  Saviour;  tell  of  Him  who  for  our 
sakes  became  poor,  afflicted,  despised,  and  re- 
jected of  men — tell  of  his  cross — the  grand  mo- 
ral means  instituted  by  God  for  the  conversion 
of  the  world — man's  only  refuge — the  sinner's 
only  hope.  This  was  the  burden  of  the  great 
Apostle's  preaching.  This  it  was  that  sweetly 
constrained  many  a  Roman  citizen  to  unite 
himself  with  the  followers  of  Jesus.  This  it 
was  that  illuminated  the  darkened  understand- 
ings of  our  forefathers,  united  their  hard  hearts 
and  kindled  in  them  the  flame  of  spiritual  life. 
And  it  is  this  alone  that  can  break  the  chains  ot 
caste,  and  convert  the  apathetic  Hindu  and 
proud  Mussalman  to  the  Son  of  God. 


LETTER  FROM  THE  REV.  JAMES  WILSON  :  ALLA- 
HABAD, SEPT.  24,  1845. 

Views  of  Hinduism  and  of  Mohammedanism. 

Among  the  stale  and  scanty  gleanings  which 
come  to  hand  in  this  land  of  dust  and  sand, 
there  is  very  little  that  I  can  force  myself  to  the 
necessary  labour  of  writing  down,  or  moulding 
into  a  tangible  or  understandable  form.  Just 
now  I  have  a  little  narrative  in  my  mind  which 
I  received  the  other  day  from  an  eye  witness, 
and  which  I  will  relate  to  you  while  I  remember 
it,  as  it  will  serve  to  illustrate  a  subject  of  some 
importance. 

About  twenty-five  years  ago,  a  "Jogi,"  or 
devotee,  was  accustomed  to  sit  under  the  shade 
of  a  tree  near  the  road  which  leads  from  this 
city  down  to  the  river,  where  the  Hindu  popu- 
lation went  to  perform  their  morning  worship 
and  bathing  ceremonies.  The  Jogi  had  a 
"  chela,"  a  pupil,  whom  he  was  instructing  in 
his  Shastra,  (a  sacred  book.)  He  laboured  much 
and  long,  but  never  succeeded  in  teaching  his 
pupil  to  read.  When  he  grew  old  and  found 
himself  near  the  close  of  life,  he  said  to  his  pu- 
pil, "  Inasmuch  as  you  are  not  able  to  read 
this  book,  when  I  am  gone,  you  had  better  bury 
this  book  by  the  root  of  this  tree,  and  come  at 
certain  times  and  worship  the  book — that  will  be 
the  next  thing  to  having  learned  to  read  it. 
The  pupil  did  so.  As  the  people  continued  to 
pass  by  for  months,  going  and  returning  from 


THE   FOREIGN  MISSIONARY  CHRONICLE. 


43 


their  bathing  place,  they  saw  this  young  man 
regularly  making  his  puja,  or  worship,  at  the 
root  of  the  tree  where  the  book  was  buried. 
They  gradually  began  to  turn  aside,  one  after 
another,  to  join  him.  After  some  time  a  shrewd 
shop-keeper  of  the  city  perceived  that  the  spot 
could  be  turned  to  account,  so  he  bargained 
with  the  land  owner  for  half  the  profits  that 
might  arise  from  the  place,  and  then  erected  a 
temple  under  the  shade  of  the  tree.  The  wor- 
ship and  celebrity  of  the  place  have  gone  on 
increasing,  and  now  there  is  a  cluster  of  five  or 
six  temples  in  a  cluster  of  trees,  and  a  regular 
concourse  of  worshippers  every  Monday  morn- 
ing, especially  of  the  devout  Hindu  women  of 
the  city  and  surrounding  villages,  who  go  there 
to  worship  the  divinity  which  is  supposed  to 
reside  there ;  and  also  a  concourse  of  Moham- 
medan young  men  who  go  to  worship — at  least 
to  gaze  at — them,  when  they  come  out  from  the 
seclusion  of  the  female  apartments,  and  appear  in 
open  day  with  their  best  clothes  on.  And  once  a 
year  there  is  an  immense  concourse  of  many 
thousand  people,  who  assemble  there  to  make 
offerings  of  fruits  and  flowers,  and  pay  honours 
to — they  know  not  what.  I  have  been  there 
many  a  time,  and  tried  almost  in  vain  to  say 
something  in  the  midst  of  the  overpowering  din 
and  noise  to  persuade  them  to  turn  from  these 
vanities,  when  I  knew  not  the  history  and  re- 
cent origin  of  the  place  as  a  place  of  worship. 

This  is  probably  a  pretty  fair  specimen  of  the 
way  in  which  idolatry  has  propagated  itself  all 
the  world  over,  and  in  every  age. 

Idolatry  has  an  advantage  in  this,  that  it  al- 
ways has  a  downhill  course  in  which  to  lead  its 
votaries.  The  human  heart  has  in  it  a  deep 
seated  consciousness  of  sin,  and  a  dread  of  un- 
seen powers,  and  a  superstitious  tendency  to  fall 
in  with  those  who  seem  devoutly  engaged  in 
propitiating  unseen  beings,  who  are  supposed 
to  possess  the  power  to  help  or  harm  them. 
This  propensity  is  developed  in  greater  measure 
as  ignorance  and  superstition  have  shed  their 
darkening,  debasing  and  paralyzing  influence 
over  the  mind  of  a  community.  The  example 
of  each  adds  strength  and  weight  to  the  chain 
which  binds  and  weighs  down  the  minds  of  all 
around  them. 

Idolatry  never  had  strength,  or  texture,  or 
symmetry  in  it;  It  grows  up  rude,  and  shape- 
less, and  uncouth,  and  soon  gets  into  the  posi- 
tion of  an  old  mass  of  buildings  in  ruins,  with- 
out beauty,  or  taste,  or  design  traceable  in  them. 
There  is  mouldering  brick,  and  mud,  and  stone, 
and  timber,  rudely  piled  together,  yet  bound  to- 
gether by  the  strength  of  roots,  and  vines,  and 
creepers,  which  grow  rank  and  strong  up 
through  the  mouldering  mass,  and  give  the 
whole  a  tangled,  knotty  strength,  which  even 
sense  and  science  find  it  hard  to  approach  or  to 
pull  down.    Whilst  to  the  eye  of  superstitious 


ignorance  it  gives  the  appearance  of  venerable 
antiquity,  in  proportion  as  the  mouldering  walls 
are  penetrated  and  covered  by  the  tough  insin- 
uating creepers.  Hinduism  at  present  pre- 
sents nothing  but  a  mighty  mass  of  this  sort  of 
ivy-covered  ruins.  Touch  it  where  you  will, 
the  substance  and  strata  are  rotten  and  moul- 
dering, and  yield  to  the  touch ;  yet  the  rude  and 
dirty  mass  is  bound  together  by  a  system  of 
twining  tendrils  that  prevents  it  from  falling, 
even  when  the  foundation  is  dug  away  from 
under  considerable  parts  of  it. 

I  once  was  deceived  by  the  appearance  of 
Hindu  temples  generally.  When  I  noticed,  on 
coming  into  the  country  first,  that  all,  or  nearly 
all,  the  Hindu  temples  which  I  saw  any  where 
in  the  country  had  an  old  and  weatherbeaten 
appearance,  I  inferred  from  this  that  the  time 
for  building  temples  of  that  kind  had  nearly 
passed,  and  that  Hinduism  was  so  far  losing  its 
hold  on  the  public  mind  that  the  temples  were 
left  without  repair,  and  thus  present  an  anti- 
quated and  forsaken  aspect.  But  I  have  since 
noticed  that  it  is  the  nature  of  the  climate  and 
the  materials  with  which  they  build,  to  give  to 
any  building  in  a  very  short  time  an  old  and 
weather  beaten  appearance.  The  heat  and  the 
continuance  of  the  periodical  rains,  give  a  rapid 
and  sort  of  forced  impulse  to  every  thing  pos- 
sessing any  vegetative  powers.  This  covers  al- 
most every  thing  with  a  rank  vegetation  during 
the  rains ;  the  sudden  and  powerful  bursting 
forth  of  the  sun  after  the  rains,  gives  as  sudden 
a  check  to  every  thing  of  the  kind  which  has 
not  depth  of  moisture  enough  to  sustain  it. 
This  covers  buildings  and  every  thing  of  the 
kind  with  a  dark  and  antiquated  appearance. 
I  have  thus  seen  temples  which  have  been 
erected  since  I  have  been  in  the  country,  which 
already  look  bronzed  and  antiquated  as  though 
they  might  have  been  standing  here  in  the  days 
of  Abraham. 

This  cluster  of  temples,  the  history  of  which 
I  have  just  given,  has  a  venerable  antiquated 
appearance,  as  though  they  had  been  here  for 
centuries,  whereas  it  is  a  known  fact,  that  a 
quarter  of  a  century  ago,  the  thought  of  erect- 
ing temples  here  had  not  entered  llie  mind  of 
the  scheming  shop-keeper  who  built  the  firs 
one.  A  something  closely  corresponding  to 
this,  throws  a  premature  appearance  of  vener- 
able antiquity  around  any  thing  pertaining  to 
Hinduism.  Any  book,  for  instance,  the  origin 
or  history  of  which  can  be  pushed  a  little  away 
out  of  the  personal  knowledge  of  the  hearers, 
no  matter  how  recent  may  have  been  its  date, 
or  how  absurd  or  puerile  its  teaching,  a  shlok 
(a  couplet)  quoted  from  it  in  some  kind  of  jin- 
gling rhyme  carries  all  the  force  of  the  most 
ancient,  or  the  most  fully  authenticated  book 
given  by  Divine  inspiration.  This  takes  away, 
in  ordinary,  all  the  vantage  ground  which 


44 


THE  FOREIGN  MISSIONARY  CHRONICLE. 


should  belong  to  a  well  authenticated  and  di- 
vinely inspired  book ;  and  reduces  the  most 
carefully  constructed  and  convincing  argument, 
drawn  trom  the  Bible,  however  clear  and  un- 
answerable it  may  be  in  itself,  to  the  common 
level  of  a  flippant  couplet  quoted  from  some 
very  ordinary  book  not  fifty  years  old,  or  a  Pu- 
ran  or  Shastr,  whose  origin  is  pushed  a  little 
.arthcr  back  into  the  mist  of  years.  To  the 
Treat  mass  of  the  Hindu  community,  and  even 
o  a  large  part  of  their  Pundits  and  learned 
nen,  it  is  quite  enough  to  sustain  an  argument 
)f  any  kind,  to  be  able  to  say  "it  is  written"  so 
and  so,  and  to  quote  a  couplet  of  poetry  with  some 
fluency  from  any  book  to  the  purpose,  without 
a  question  as  to  v:herc  it  is  written,  or  whether 
the  book  in  which  it  is  written  has  one  claim 
to  be  regarded  as  authentic,  or  true,  or  inspired, 
or  any  thing  of  the  kind.  The  man  who  has 
memory  enough  to  quote  a  shlok  (couplet)  it  is 
taken  for  granted,  has  learning  enough  to  ex- 
amine it  as  far  as  examination  is  necessary. 

There  is,  however,  one  single  trace  of  design 
which  runs  through  the  whole  structure  of 
Hinduism,  and  it  is  traceable  in  whatever  por- 
tion of  the  huge  and  mouldering  fabric  you 
may  happen  to  examine.  It  is  a  half-concealed, 
yet  ever  looming-up,  design  to  throw  the  accu- 
mulated wealth,  honour  and  power  of  the  com- 
munity, whatever  it  be,  into  the  hands  of  the 
dominant  caste  or  class,  and  put  all  the  others 
under  their  feet,  so  carefully  graded,  and  drilled, 
and  disciplined  to  their  position,  and  work,  and 
limited  hopes  an(T  aspirations,  that  humanly 
speaking  they  have  neither  chance  nor  hope  of 
rising  above  or  escaping  from  the  plac<;  they 
are  made  to  fill  in  the  mouldering,  uncouth, 
ivy-bound  mass.    And  the  power  or  party  that 


attacks  this  old,  shapeless  citadel,  has  not  got  to 
dig  up  and  undermine  deep  foundations,  and 
then  see  a  splendid  wall  fall  down  and  open  a 
breach  for  them,  but  it  has  to  dig  away  and  try 
to  find  the  roots  of  these  infinitely  diversified 
tendrils,  which  penetrate  and  twine  around 
every  part  of  the  foundation,  and  centre,  and 
substance  of  the  whole  structure.  As  these 
roots  are  one  after  another  reached  and  cut,  they 
will  show  a  withering  of  their  leaf,  and  weak- 
ening of  their  tension,  here  and  there  in  their 
ramification  through  the  whole  structure.  And 
when  the  roots  of  a  large  proportion  of  them 
have  been  cut  and  their  strength  dried  up,  those 
that  are  left  will  not  have  strength  enough  to 
keep  the  mass  from  falling  to  pieces.  It  is  not 
easy  to  tell  exactly  what  stage  of  this  process 
has  been  attained  in  India.  Each  one  who  has 
been  engaged  for  any  length  of  time  in  the 
work,  has  had  his  eyes  filled  at  times  with  the 
dust,  and  perhaps  his  head  endangered  by  the 
rough  materials  that  have  fallen  doWn  about 
him ;  and  has  seen  to  some  extent  a  withering 
of  the  greenness  of  some  of  the  tendrils  which 
twine  around  the  surface  of  the  pile.  But  he 
has  had  his  heart  sickened,  also,  at  the  view  of 
the  inextricable  mazes  of  the  almost  immeasura- 
ble mass  that  is  yet  before  him. 

Hinduism  is  coming  down — will  come  down. 
The  decree  has  gone  forth  from  the  Yv'atcher 
On  high- — "hew  down  the  tree,  cut  off  his 
branches,  shake  off  his  leaves,  and  scatter  his 
fruit ;  let  the  beasts  get  away  from  under  it,  and 
the  fowls  from  his  branches."  And  this  work 
will  not  stop  till  it  is  done. 

The  part  of  this  paper  that  relates  to  Mohammedan- 
ism will  be  given  in  the  next  number  of  the  Chronicle 


ill  X  0  t  £  1 1  a  n  ^  0  ti  0 . 


CHINA  :    EXTRACTS  FROM  THK  REPORTS  OF  THE 
REV.  G.  SMITH. 

General  Aspect  of  Missions  in  China.. 
We  make  some  extracts  from  two  reports  of  the  Rev. 
G.  Smith,  an  English  Episcopal  Slissionary  in  China, 
which  were  addressed  to  the  Church  Missionary  Society, 
and  dated  at  Hong  Kong,  January  7th,  and  March  25th, 
1845.  These  are  able  and  interesting  papers,  manifest- 
ing an  excellent  spirit ;  and  the  large  extracts  which 
follow,  will  be  found  to  deserve  the  attention  of  the 
friends  of  Missions  in  China. 

Frequent  and  numerous,  however,  as  are  the 
facilities  for  Missionary  usefulness  at  Hong 


Kong,  the  eye  of  the  Christian  philanthropist  is 
directed  to  a  far  more  promising  field.  To  con- 
centrate our  energies  on  a  mere  outpost  on  the 
enemy's  frontiers  is  a  course  of  manifest  impo- 
licy. The  warfare  must  be  carried  into  the 
enemy's  country.  The  battle  of  Christianity 
must  be  fought  on  the  soil  of  China  itself. 

The  most  cheering  prospects  invite  us  boldly 
to  engage  in  the  conflict.  The  people  in  the 
neighbourhoods  of  the  more  northcrnly  ports 
have  learned  to  appreciate  the  advantages  of  a 
free  intercourse  with  us.  At  Amoy,  the  highest 
Native  Authorities  converse  for  hours  with  the 
Missionaries  on  religious  topics.  The  Hai 
Hong,  or  principal  Magistrate,  has  expressed  to 
the  Rev.  D.  Abeel  not  only  his  commendation 


4 


THE  FOREIGN  MISSIONARY  CHRONICLE.  45 


of  Christian  doctrines,  but  his  wish  that  the 
people  might  receive  Christian  instruction.  At 
Shanghai  and  Ningpo  the  Missionaries  enjoy 
full  security  and  respect.  There  they  are  brought 
into  contact  with  a  simple  and  unsophisticated 
race,  breathing  a  spirit  of  candour,  and  alive  to 
the  most  kindly  feelings  of  friendship.  A  for- 
eigner may  there  in  perfect  security  stray  several 
miles  into  the  surrounding  country,  and  fails 
not  to  receive  a  kind  and  cordial  welcome. 

.  .  .  .  No  longer  a  source  of  unmin- 
gled  terror,  viewed  through  the  stern  me- 
dium of  war,  we  are  now  the  example  of  a 
generous  superiority  to  the  arts  of  tyranny  and 
oppression.  The  mild  clemency  of  British  law — 
the  equal  protection  extended  to  all — the  safety 
of  property  and  person — and  the  enjoyment  of 
the  sweets  of  freedom  under  the  British  admin- 
istration of  Chusan — appear  to  have  produced  a 
prepossession  in  our  favour,  and  a  widely-spread 
regret  at  the  approaching  cessation  of  British 
rule.  How  far  this  favourable  feeling  may  ori- 
ginate in  selfish  policy,  or  how  far  a  hollow  in- 
sincerity may  lurk  beneath,  it  is  impossible  to 
speak  with  certainty.  The  course  of  events  can 
alone  decide  the  correctness  of  the  views  gen- 
erally entertained.  Europeans,  however,  who 
have  visited  the  parts  contiguous  to  Chusan, 
without  one  dissentient  voice,  bear  an  unani- 
mous testimony  in  favour  of  the  people.  The 
climate  is  superior,  the  people  are  more  civilized, 
the  Native  Rulers  court  the  acquaintance  of 
Missionaries,  British  intercourse  is  more  desired. 
In  short,  we  have  there  all  the  essential  facili- 
ties for  Missionary  labour  that  we  possess  in 
India.  In  the  spirit  evinced  by  the  people  and 
the  rulers,  no  obstacles  at  present  exist  to  pro- 
claiming the  unsearchable  riches  of  Christ. 

If  Missionaries  in  the  northern  Consular  Ports 
of  China  have  not  the  advantage  of  living  with- 
in the  limits  of  British  rule,  they  have  all  that 
is  necessary  in  the  favourable  disposittion^of  he 
inhabitants  to  enter  into  friendly  relations.  If 
a  blind  deference  to  antiquity,  and  the  maxims 
of  the  sages,  incapacitate  the  native  mind  from 
originality  of  thought  and  independence  of  ac- 
tion, no  adamantine  chain  of  caste  binds  the 
soul  in  the  trammels  of  cruelty  and  superstition, 
if  the  material  objects  of  worship,  abounding  in 
their  streets,  their  temples,  and  their  houses, 
proclaim  the  melancholy  fact  that  the  whole  em- 
pire is  lying  in  idolatry  ;  yet  no  organized  sys- 
tem of  priestcraft  maintains  its  dominion  over  a 
people  in  other  respects  too  enlightened  to  be 
the  tools  of  sacerdotal  ambition.  If  the  will  of 
the  rulers,  eventually  exercised  in  opposition  to 
the  progress  of  Divine  Truth,  should  operate  as 
a  discouragement  to  the  reception  of  Christian 
doctrine — the  dominion  of  the  Mant-Choo  Tar- 
tar dynasty,  a  race  of  foreign  usurpers,  shaken 
to  its  base  by  the  late  war,  and  hardly  yet  able 
to  recover  itself  from  the  shock,  appears  likely, 


ere  long,  to  share  a  common  overthrow  with  the 
exclusive  system  which  they  have  promoted. 
Not  a  few  men  of  experience  here  deem  such 
an  event  as  neither  improbable,  nor  very  remote. 
Already  a  political  schism  has  invaded  the  Im- 
perial councils,  affecting  the  very  fundamental 
principles  of  international  policy  and  Chinese 
rule.  The  patriots  and  scholars  deplore  the 
portentous  signs  of  the  times.  Even  now  the 
evils  are  apparent  of  that  system  which  pro- 
motes to  the  highest  oflices  of  State  the  success- 
ful candidates  for  literary  honours ;  men  indeed 
raised  above  their  competitors  by  their  erudition 
in  Confucian  lore,  but  often  marvellously  de- 
fective in  the  active  qualities  of  government,  and 
unable  to  rise  to  the  pressing  exigencies  of  the 
age.  Even  the  occasional  fruits  of  the  system, 
such  as  Ke-Ying,  the  Imperial  Commissioner, 
and  Wang,  the  Provincial  Treasurer  of  Canton, 
may  command  the  reluctant  respect  of  for- 
eigners, but  cannot  long  prop  up  a  system  rotten 
in  its  foundations.  The  disastrous  eftects  of  a 
drained  exchequer,  and  financial  impoverish- 
ment, are  to  be  seen  in  the  ineffective  character 
of  the  executive.  Insurrections  and  rebelhons 
on  the  frontiers  strike  a  frequent  panic  into  the 
Imperial  Court.  Hordes  of  pirates  infest  the 
neighbouring  coasts  and  rivers,  and  baffle  the 
efforts  of  the  Government.  Only  one  year  since, 
the  leader  of  a  band  of  pirates  in  the  Island  of 
Hainan  was  bought  over  by  the  Government, 
being  made  a  Mandarin,  and  receiving  the  pro- 
motion of  a  peacock's  feather,  as  the  price  of  his 
abandoning  piracy.  Secret  societies  and  coali- 
tions arc  extensively  organized,  and  have  alrea- 
dy infused  alarm  into  the  Cabinet  of  Peking. 
Public  opinion,  mighty  in  its  stealthiest  opera- 
tion, and  incapable  of  being  stifled,  even  in 
China,  ever  and  anon  bursts  forth  and  exerts 
its  potent  influence.  A  consciousness  of  internal 
weakness,  and  a  fear  of  external  troubles,  com- 
bine in  leading  the  Government  to  strengthen 
itself  by  Treaties  with  the  rival  nations  of  the 
West ;  and  even  the  feeble  despised  Portuguese 
Rulers  of  Macao  are  now  permitted,  on  terms 
of  long-withheld  equality,  to  correspond  with 
the  rulers  of  the  Middle  Kingdom.  The  ignorant 
infatuation  of  the  war-party,  blind  to  the  real 
state  of  affairs,  seeks  only  a  temporary  predomi- 
nancy to  involve  the  empire  in  a  fresh  struggle. 
The  principal  Powers  of  Europe  and  America 
are  beginning  to  make  China  a  focus  on  which 
for  a  time  to  concentrate  their  diplomacy ;  and 
at  no  distant  period  the  smouldering  embers 
of  national  jealousy  may  be  fanned  into  the 
flames  of  war. 

China,  too,  has  already  abandoned  a  moiety 
of  her  isolated  position.  She  has  been  shorn  of 
the  talismanic  lock  of  her  fancied  superiority. 
The  wedge  of  foreign  intercourse  has  been  in- 
serted, and  the  breach  will  be  widened.  The 
crisis  has  arrived  when  the  natural  rights  of 


46 


THE   FOREIGN   MISSIONARY  CHRONICLE. 


civilization  and  of  man  can  no  longer  be  out- 
raged with  safety  or  impunity.  A  decade  of 
years  may  intervene,  of  partial  resistance  to  the 
progressive  movement.  Any  protracted  effort 
to  retard  its  advance  will  recoil  on  the  head  of 
the  enemies  of  social  improvement.  The  social 
machine  cannot  remain  at  its  present  state  of 
oscillation  ;  but,  propelled  by  the  moral  weight 
of  both  hemispheres,  will  advance  till  an  unre- 
stricted intercourse  be  opened  between  the  se- 
veral tribes  of  the  humai^Tace.  God's  provi- 
dential plans  for  the  welfare  of  mankind  will 
be  gradually  unfolded  with  increasing  clearness ; 
and  the  messenger  of  Christ,  no  longer  ad- 
vancing with  timid  steps  to  the  confines  of  this 
Heathen  Empire,  may  then  boldly  advance  to 
its  central  regions,  and  there,  mingling  the  ac- 
cents of  prayer  with  the  notes  of  thanksgiving, 
proclaim  God's  message  of  redeeming  mercy  to 
a  fallen  world. 

Such,  then,  are  the  hopes  and  prospects  to 
incite  us  onward :  and,  oh  that  Britain  may  rise 
to  the  emergency,  and  nobly  enter  on  this  work 
Where  can  talents  the  most  brilliant,  and  piety 
the  most  fervent,  find  a  fairer  scope  for  their 
exercise  than  on  these  fields  white  unto  the  har- 
vest? If  the  vastness  of  the  work,  the  amount 
of  difficulty,  the  mighty  results  to  be  expected, 
and  the  encouragements  which  mingle  in  the 
prospect,  can  stamp  on  any  work  the  impress 
of  true  glory,  then  that  undertaking  is  the  at- 
tempt to  diffuse  the  Gospel  among  the  three 
hundred  and  sixty  millions  of  China,  The  at- 
tempt itself  knows  nothing  to  equal  it  in  past 
undertakings.  The  Great  Wall  of  China — the 
Pyramids  of  Egypt — the  discovery  of  a  new 
hemisphere — sink  into  insignificance  in  the 
comparison  with  the  attempt  to  demolish  the 
speculative  atheism  and  debasing  idolatry  of 
China,  and  to  build  up  in  their  stead  lively  and 
spiritual  stones  into  the  temple  of  the  true  God. 
Such  an  object,  so  vast  in  conception  and  so 
stupendous  in  results,  must  not  be  taken  in 
hand  sparingly  or  hesitatingly.  Numerous  La- 
bourers must  enter  on  this  work.  Far  better  that 
China  had  never  been  opened  to  Christianity, 
than  that  Protestants  should  decline  entering 
the  breach  with  an  adequate  force.  Popery  al- 
ready is  sending  hither  its  emissaries  with  re- 
doubled zeal.  Seven  Popish  Priests  are  now  in 
Hong  Kong.  Six  Priests  arrived  at  Macao 
with  the  fleet  which  brought  the  French  Am- 
bassador. French  diplomacy,  faithful  to  the 
Papacy,  has  made  the  protection  of  Popish  Mis- 
sionaries and  Converts  a  subject  of  special  sti- 
pulation. Half-yearly  couriers  from  the  interior 
of  China  visit  Macao,  and  secretly  conduct 
thence  the  newly-arrived  Popish  emissaries  to 
the  Roman-Catholic  flocks  in  the  Central  and 
and  North-western  Provinces;  where  one  Po- 
pish Society  alone,  the  Institution  for  the  Pro- 


pagation of  the  Faith,  professes  to  number  its 
ten  Bishops,  four  Assistants,  and  one  hundred 
and  forty- four  Priests.  The  impostor  of  Mecca 
for  600  years  has  had  his  numerous  followers 
scattered  over  the  neighbouring  islands,  and  on 
the  forbidden  soil  ofChina  itself,  where  Islamism, 
triumphing  not  by  the  usual  methods  of  fire 
and  sword,  but  by  the  milder  arts  of  proselytism, 
has  shamed  the  pun}'^  efforts  of  Christians  in  a 
holier  cause.  The  moral  and  social  evils  in- 
flicted by  opium-smuggling,  and  our  vicious  par- 
ticipation in  the  flagrant  immoralities  of  the 
system,  lend  an  additional  power  to  the  voice 
of  China,  crying  to  British  Christians,  by  the 
depth  of  her  moral  degradation,  if  not  by  her 
consciousness  of  it.  Come  over,  and  help  us. 

The  present  generation  of  Christians  will 
soon  have  passed  aw^ay .  The  heroes  who  filled 
the  world  with  monuments  of  their  power  or 
prowess,  will  soon  be  forgotten,  even  in  the 
praises  of  their  fellow  men.  But  the  Mission- 
ary work,  often  the  source  of  humiliation  and 
discouragement,  will  hereafter  be  invested  in  its 
native  honour.  And  as  the  writer  of  these  pa- 
ges, just  emerging  from  the  sick-room  at  Ma- 
cao, stood  over  the  tombs  of  a  Morrison  and  a 
Dyer,  and  contemplated  the  narrow  habitations 
of  the  dead,  he  felt  that  there  was  a  time  fast 
approaching,  when  the  fading  laurels  wreathed 
by  fame  around  the  brows  of  the  martial  tenants 
of  the  neighbouring  graves  would  leave  no  trace 
of  beauty  on  the  memory  ;  while  the  names  of 
the  first  Protestant  Evangelists  of  China  would 
even  here,  be  remembered,  in  the  affections  of 
their  fellow-men,  as  among  the  most  illustrious 
benefactors  of  the  human  race. 

The  Missionary  work  in  China,  not  devoid 
of  encouragements,  has  its  peculiar  complica- 
tion of  difficulties.  May  the  great  Lord  of  the 
harvest,  in  answer  to  the  prayer  of  His  Church, 
send  hither  a  numerous  band  of  Labourers, 
men  of  earnest  prayer,  of  strong  faith,  of  self- 
denying  zeal,  willing  to  spend  and  be  spent  in 
this  glorious  service.  Though  for  a  time  no 
fruits  appear,  patience  must  have  its  perfect 
work,  and  God  must  have  the  glory.  Yea,  we 
will  faint  not ;  but  in  the  prospect  of  discour- 
agements, adopt  as  the  motto  inscribed  on  our 
banner  the  sentiments  uttered  sixty  years  ago 
by  Schwartz,  that  devoted  apostle  of  Southern 
India,  whose  memory  has  been  embalmed  in  the 
grateful  recollections  of  numerous  Native  Con- 
verts ;  and  who  now,  in  the  Christian  villages 
of  Tinnevelly,  has  found  a  monument  nobler 
far  than  all  the  munificent  wealth  of  Native 
Princes  could  rear  to  his  name — 

"  I  cheerfully  believe  that  God  will  build  the 
waste  places  of  this  country.  But  should  it  be 
done  after  we  are  laid  in  the  grave,  what  harm? 
This  country  is  covered  with  thorns :  let  us 
plough,  and  sow  good  seed,  and  entreat  the 


t 


/ 


THE   FOREIGN   MISSIONARY  CHRONICLE. 


47 


Lord  to  make  it  spring  up.  Our  labour  in  the 
Lord,  in  His  cause,  and  for  His  glory,  will  not 
be  in  vain.  " 

Ch.  Miss.  Record,  Nov.  1845,  pp.  260—263. 

Comparative  advantages  of  Shanghai  and 
Ningpo. 

If  we  wish  to  select  one  of  the  newly  opened 
ports  of  China,  and  make  it  the  solitary  ad- 
vanced picquet  in  invading  these  vast  regions 
of  error,  the  mind  is  perplexed  between  Shang- 
hai and  Ningpo.  Shanghai  promises  fair  to 
become  the  grand  commercial  emporium  of  the 
North ;  and  as  a  nucleus  of  foreign  intercourse, 
and  in  a  mercantile  point  of  view  already  in- 
ferior to  Canton  alone,  it  offers  the  advantages 
of  a  direct  and  frequent  communication  by  sail- 
ing vessels  with  Europe  without  touching  at 
Hong  Kong.  Ningpo,  as  a  quiet  Missionary 
Station,  exempt  from  the  usual  deteriorating  in- 
fluence of  a  foreign  mercantile  community,  pre- 
sents facilities  of  a  different  kind.  Ningpo  ap- 
proves itself,  to  most  persons,  as  the  most  de- 
sirable Station,  considered  solely  in  reference  to 
Missionary  w^ork ;  but  seems  to  be  too  retired 
a  spot  to  be  the  solitary  seat  of  a  Mission. 
Time,  experience,  and  the  course  of  events,  will 
alone  show  the  real  superiority  of  each,  separ- 
ately considered.  But  if  both  are  occupied,  and 
each  place  is  thus  made  to  blend  its  peculiar 
advantages,  they  present  one  of  the  most  mag- 
nificent fields  of  Missionary  enterprise  that  the 
Christian  Church  could  conceive  or  desire. 

On  the  one  hand — 

1.  Shanghai  is  the  port  of  Loo-chow-foo, 
from  which  it  is  distant  about  fifty  miles — the 
metropolis  of  classic  literature,  of  taste,  and  of 
fashion — the  Oxford  of  China — a  centre  of  in- 
fluence, whence  the  rays  of  native  philosophy 
are  dispersed  over  the  milUons  of  educated 
Chinese. 

2.  Looking  beyond  the  events  of  the  present 
time,  and  contemplating  the  probable  extension 
of  foreign  intercourse  with  the  interior,  we  re- 
gard Shanghai  also  as  the  key  to  Nanking,  the 
old  capital  of  the  empire,  and  distant  only  about 
150  miles. 

3.  Again,  it  commands  the  entrance  of  the 
Yang-tsze-kiang,  forming,  by  its  junction  with 
the  Grand  Canal,  the  vast  central  artery  of 
wealth  and  commerce,  which  supplies  warmth 
and  life  to  the  most  distant  extremities  of  the 
empire. 

4.  Occupying  a  central  position,  mid-way  on 
a  line  of  coast  running  nearly  2000  miles  from 
north  to  south,  of  all  the  free  ports  it  approaches 
nearest  to  the  present  capital  Peking.  It  Ues 
within  fifty  miles  of  the  thirty-second  degree  of 
north  latitude,  beyond  which  British  vessels  are 
prohibited,  by  treaty,  from  sailing  within  a  dis- 
tance of  150  miles  from  the  coast. 

5.  If  the  presence  of  foreign  influence  be 


deemed  a  valuable  adjunct  to  its  other  advan- 
tages, Shanghai,  as  before  intimated,  already 
possesses  an  extent  of  commerce  exceeding  the 
united  amount  of  all  the  other  free  ports,  ex- 
clusive of  Canton ;  and,  as  such,  must  become 
an  important  rendezvous  for  native  merchants 
from  the  interior.  The  importance  of  this  po- 
sition for  disseminating  the  Gospel  through  the 
interior,  by  means  of  a  Native  Agency  hereafter, 
can  scarcely  be  overrated. 

6.  Lastly,  if  we  take  a  large  view,  and  extend 
the  eye  of  faith  over  the  boundless  expanse  un- 
explored and  unoccupied  by  Missionary  La- 
bourers, we  behold  in  either  of  these  two  Sta- 
tions the  bright  spot  from  which  the  light  of 
Truth  might  penetrate  the  darkness  brooding 
over  Japan,  the  Loo  Choo  Islands,  and  the  sur- 
rounding Archipelago.  To  the  south-east  lie 
the  interesting  group  of  the  Leo  Choo  Islands, 
almost  demonstrated  to  be  open  to  Missionary 
efforts,  and  within  two  days'  sail  in  either  mon- 
soon. To  the  north-east  we  behold  Japan, 
with  its  pagan  millions,  so  long  sliut  out  by  ex- 
clusive jealousy  from  intercourse  with  Christen- 
dom, within  little  more  than  two  days'  sail  with 
a  favourable  breeze. 

On  the  other  hand — 

Ningpo,  lying  about  a  hundred  miles  to  the 
south  of  Shanghai,  and  enjoying  most  of  its  ad- 
vantages in  a  modified  degree,  possesses  addi- 
tional independent  facilities. 

1.  The  population,  from  the  limited  extent 
of  its  foreign  commerce,  is  less  exposed  to  the 
disquieting,  contaminating  influences  on  their 
simplicity. 

2.  Its  situation  on  the  mainland,  opposite  to 
Chusan,  and  within  easy  access  of  a  few  hours, 
invests  it  with  an  important  character  under 
various  future  contingencies,  of  which  it  places 
us  in  a  position  to  avail  ourselves.  In  the  event 
of  a  recurrence  of  hostilities — which  most  ex- 
pect before  many  years  have  passed,  but  which 
may  God  avert!  Chusan  would  probably,  as  in 
the  last  war,  be  immediately  occupied  by  British 
troops;  and  once  re-occupied,  it  requires  no 
prophetic  wisdom  to  predict  its  permanent  re- 
tention, and  its  substitution  for  Hong  Kong  as 
the  base  of  British  power.  This  would  open 
Chusan  to  Missionary  efforts ;  and  Missionaries 
from  Ningpo,  speaking  the  same  dialect,  would 
be  ready  at  once  to  enter  on  this  most  fertile, 
salubrious,  and  populous  island,  without  de- 
stroying, but  rather  cementing,  the  compactness 
of  the  two  other  Stations. 

3.  In  this  event,  Chusan  would  afford  to 
Ningpo,  at  all  times,  an  immediate  refuge  from 
the  storms  of  persecution  or  war. 

4.  In  the  failure  of  health,  the  vicinity  of 
Chusan  presents  a  valuable  sanatorium,  easy 
of  access.  As  the  British  cede  the  Island  to 
the  Chinese  in  a  few  months,  it  is  uncertain 


48 


THE  FOREIGN  MISSIONARY  CHRONICLE. 


how  far  the  Native  Authorities  will  allow  for- 
eigners to  reside  or  even  to  visit  the  island. 

5.  It  is  the  usual  point  of  access  to  Hang- 
chow-foo,  distant  sixty  miles,  the  great  terminus 
of  the  Grand  Canal,  and  inferior  in  importance 
to  Loo-chovv-foo. 

6.  Ningpo  also  possesses  an  extensive  native 
irade  with  the  interior. 

Viewing  Shangikii  and  Ningpo  conjointly — 

1.  Missionaries  are  permitted  by  the  boun- 
<iary  regulations,  fixed  by  arbitration,  to  go, 
from  either  Station,  as  far  as  they  please  into 
the  surrounding  country,  on  condition  of  their 
returning  for  the  night  to  the  city ;  i.  c.  they 
may  go  half  a  day's  journey  into  the  interior. 

2.  In  both  places  the  people  are  civil  and 
friendly  to  foreigners,  and  destitute  of  that  proud 
arrogance  which  has  so  long  distinguished  their 
countrymen  in  the  South. 

3.  The  climate  is  said  to  be  salubrious, 
though,  during  two  or  three  summer  months, 
the  heat  is  greater  than  in  other  parts  of  China, 
and  the  thermometer  stands  for  weeks  above 
100  deg. 

4.  The  Mandarins  exhibit  at  present  no  dis- 
position to  oppose,  but  rather  court  the  ac- 
^quaintance  of  Missionaries. 

5.  Each  place  is  in  a  different  province  ; 
Shanghai  being  situated  in  the  south-east  ex- 
tremity of  KiangsGo;  Ningpo  occupying  the 
north-east  extremity  of  Chekiang  Province, 
which^  joined  together  with  Fokien  Province, 
forms  the  distinct  government  of  a  different 
Tsung-Tuh,  or  Governor-General,  Thus  in 
the  event  of  one  set  of  Native  Authorities  in 
one  place  becoming  hostile,  or  opposing  a  par- 
ticular measure  of  Missionaries,  there  remains 
the  hope  of  the  other  Station,  within  easy  reach, 
and  under  a  different  regime,  being  exempt  from 
such  local  impediment. 

6.  The  dialects  at  either  place  approximate 
more  than  elsewhere  to  the  Court  dialect,  which, 
in  spite  of  local  corruptions,  is  generally,  with 
certain  limitations,  intelligible  in  all  parts  among 
the  higher  classes,  the  literati,  and  the  Govern- 
ment officials. 

7.  Again,  though  the  dialects  of  each  place 
differ  considerably  from  each  other,  they  are 
said  to  resemble  each  other  more  than  is  the 
case  in  any  other  tv/o  Consular  Ports.  Should 
unforeseen  circumstances,  therefore,  lead  to  a 
change  of  scene  of  Missionary  labours  from 
one  place  to  the  other,  the  inconveniences  un- 
der this  head  would  be  considerably  diminished. 

Viewed,  therefore,  as  combining  in  them- 
selves the  several  distinct  advantages  of  salu- 
brious climate,  eligible  residence,  and  friendly 
disposition  of  inhabitants — direct  communica- 
tion with  Europe — comparatively  quiet  isolation 
from  foreigners — contiguity  to  the  strongholds 
of  native  science — local  proximity  to  the  second 
largest  city  in  the  empire — importance  in  re- 


gard to  Chusan — central  position  in  reference 
to  the  whole  of  China — and  of  future  bearings 
of  the  most  magnificent  order  on  the  evangeli- 
zation of  the  surrounding  Archipelago — I  can- 
not hesitate  to  pronounce  the  united  Missionary 
Stations  of  Shanghai  and  Ningpo  as  presenting 
one  of  the  noblest  and  most  promising  fields  in 
the  East. 

I  would  point  to  the  Map,  and,  after  sur- 
veying their  mutual  compactness,  their  large- 
ness of  scope,  and  their  central  position  amid 
surrounding  regions,  where  one  unexpected 
event  of  Providence  may  place  millions  of  ido- 
laters within  reach  of  Christian  philanthropy, 
can  fearlessly  and  unhesitatingly  challenge  any 
spot  on  the  Chinese  coast,  now  open  to  us, 
uniting  in  itself  so  many  facilities  as  these  two 
Stations  on  either  side  of  the  Bay,  which  forms 
the  embouchure  of  the  Tsien-Tang-Keang. 

Ibid.  pp.  263—265. 

Mode  of  Missionary  Operations — Need  of  more 
Labourers. 

As  to  the  mode  of  Missionary  operations, 
little  need  be  said  now  beyond  what  has  been 
the  general  tenour  of  my  correspondence — the 
principle  of  giving  a  due  prominence  to  the 
preached  and  written  Word,  as  the  grand  ordi- 
nance of  the  Gospel  for  the  conversion  of  sin- 
ners. We  want  a  body  of  preaching  Mission- 
aries, giving  special  attention  to  the  colloquial 
medium,  willing  in  persevering  patience  to  ac- 
quire the  written  character  more  slowly,  but 
not  in  the  meantime  to  sink  their  distinctive 
character,  as  heralds  of  the  Gospel,  in  the  mere 
occupation  of  Students,  or  even  Schoolmasters; 
men  who  will  live  much  in  the  open  air,  em- 
ploying and  increasing  their  incipient  vocabu- 
lary of  Chinese  words,  in  the  effort  to  recom- 
mend a  Tract,  or  incite  attention  to  the  Word 
of  God.  There  is  a  fair  number  of  good  Tracts 
already  in  existence ;  so  that  a  Missionary  need 
not  be  useless  or  inactive  till  he  has  mastered 
the  written  character,  and  has  himself  become 
an  author.  In  due  time  he  may  hope,  also,  for 
this  honour,  in  proportion  to  the  capacity  of  his 
mind,  and  his  natural  powers  of  originality, 
method,  and  thought.  But  in  the  absence  or 
defect  of  these,  there  remains  the  humbler  post 
of  translator  of  Christian  books.  Meanwhile, 
an  important  work  remains  for  him;  and  unless 
that  work  be  sedulously  undertaken  and  prose- 
cuted, the  fervency  of  Missionary  zeal  is  in 
danger  of  being  cooled  by  the  long  period  of 
delay,  and  of  a  growing  distaste  for  the  society 
of  Natives  stealing  imperceptibly  on  the  mind. 
Schools,  &c.,  would  follow  in  due  course,  as 
experience  and  expediency  may  dictate ;  and  if 
our  Mission  cannot,  for  the  present,  be  under- 
taken in  China  on  that  scale  of  grandeur  which 
many  might  deem  advisable  and  essential  to  the 
position  of  the  Church  of  England,  we  must  be 


THE  FOREIGN  MISSIONARY  CHR0N1C1.E. 


49 


content  to  submit  to  the  temporary  absence  of 
this  important  branch  of  Missionary  machinery, 
as  a  penalty  for  our  being  so  late  in  the  field. 
What  can  be  expected  from  six,  eight,  or  even 
ten  Missionaries,  just  commencing  the  Mission, 
but  that  they  qualify  and  preprre  themselves, 
with  God's  help,  for  more  complex  and  diversi- 
fied Missionary  work  hereafter  1 

Oh  that  God,  in  answer  to  our  prayers,  would 
give  us  one  sincere  Christian  Native,  who,  un- 
der the  instruction  and  supervision  of  European 
Missionaries,  might  strengthen  our  hands  in 
the  work  of  instructing  his  fellow-countrymen ; 
accompanying  us  in  Missionary  excursions,  ex- 
plaining the  disinterestedness  of  our  object,  and 
relieving  our  broken  accents,  by  alternating 
with  us  the  description  of  the  goodness  of  God 
to  sinners  in  Christ  Jesus! 

I  would  respectfully  urge  the  Committee  to 
send  out  a  sufficient  number  to  raise  our  estab- 
lishment to  five  Missionaries  at  each  port.  One 
Medical  Missionary  at  each  would  be  an  ad- 
vantage ;  but  my  views  of  Medical  Missionary 
efforts  are  reserved  for  a  future  Letter.  I  con- 
tent myself  for  the  present  with  saying,  that  if 
any  doubt  is  suffered  for  a  moment  to  linger  in 
the  native  mind  of  the  decided,  unequivocal, 
primary,  and  essential  Christian  character  of 
such  medical  efforts ;  if  they  bear  not  the  un- 
doubted impress  of  missionary  work  ;  if  medi- 
cal attention  is  given  for  any  other  objects,  than 
not  only  proving  the  disinterested  benevolence 
of  the  foreigner,  but  also  assembling  the  sick, 
blind,  diseased,  and  maimed  within  the  sound 
of  the  Gospel,  and  forming  a  Congregation  for 
preaching  Missionaries;  I  must  confess  I  cherish 
a  distrustful  jealousy  of  any  such  operations, 
and  invite  not  such  doubtful  aid.  The  Scriptural 
warrant,  the  relation,  the  order,  and  the  objects 
of  Medical  Missionary  labours,  appear  to  me  to 
be  very  simple,  as  contained  in  Matthew  iv.  23 — 
25,  and  v.  1,  2. 

I  cannot  but  think  that  the  Society  would 
adopt  a  measure  which  they  would  never  have 
reason  to  regret,  in  sending  out  at  once  four 
Missionaries  in  the  Spring  of  1846 ;  and  the 
same  number  in  the  following  year.  In  the 
present  capabilities  of  this  Mission,  the  expense 
often  Missionaries  would  not  be  great,  in  the 
necessary  absence  of  educational  machinery, 
till  the  Missionaries  are  qualified,  by  their 
knowledge  of  the  written  language,  to  form 
Schools. 

The  Committee  may  perhaps  be  disposed  to 
wait  for  more  definite  and  detailed  information 
after  personal  survey,  which  I  allow  is  reason- 
able ;  and  it  shall,  as  soon  as  possible,  be  for- 
warded to  them.  I  should  be  sorry,  however, 
to  hear  that  184G  is  to  pass  away  without  some 
of  our  Brethren  arriving  among  us.  As  native 
houses  or  lodgings  can,  we  hope,  be  obtained, 
there  need  not  be  at  first  any-  precipitate  outlay 

4 


for  building,  till  we  have  felt  our  way  for  a 
time.  The  Missionaries  must  divest  themselves 
of  many  or  most  of  the  preconceived  ideas  of 
European  life,  or  the  state  of  things  in  British 
Colonies.  Houses  more  or  less  confined  in 
narrow  close  streets  will  be,  in  all  probability, 
their  residences,  if  they  wish  to  live  apart  from 
the  mercantile  community,  and  to  increase  their 
prospect  of  usefulness  among  the  Natives.  The 
comforts  of  Hong  Kong  arc  not  to  be  found  in 
the  heart  of  Chinese  cities,  nor  are  they  n^es- 
sary  to  a  Missionary's  happiness  or  usefulness. 
The  more  airy  and  spacious  their  rooms,  the 
less  will  be  the  demands  on  their  stamina  and 
strength.  But  I  am  not  sanguine,  in  the  pre- 
sent state  of  things,  that  these  will  be  immedi- 
ately procurable. 

Such  is  the  field  on  which  we  are  entering ; 
such  the  kind  of  Missionary  work  to  which  we 
pray  the  Lord  of  the  harvest  to  send  forth  La- 
bourers. I  have  formed  my  opinion  after  so 
much  deliberation,  and  intercourse  with  every 
class  of  informants,  that,  while  I  am  fully  alive 
to  the  responsibility  of  giving  advice  on  so  im- 
portant a  question,  in  which  I  trust  I  have 
sought  and  obtained  guidance  from  above,  I 
nevertheless  cherish  not  the  smallest  apprehen- 
sion of  incurring  the  disapproval  of  my  views 
by  the  Committee  when  the  future  shall  have 
tested  their  soundness.  It  will  be  borne  in 
mind,  that  I  have  not  made  an  actual  survey  of 
the  different  localities ;  and  therefore  this  com- 
munication is  to  be  considered  rather  as  pre- 
paring the  Committee,  by  the  statement  of  the 
present  bias  of  my  opinions  and  views,  for  what 
will  most  probably  be,  ere  long,  my  fixed  and 
final  recommendation. 

When  I  have  completed  the  exploratory  tour, 
it  will  be  seen  how  far,  after  personal  observa- 
tion of  the  several  localities,  my  future  commu- 
nications may  confirm,  modify,  or  expand,  the 
principles  and  plan  of  operations  laid  down  in 
this  Letter.  By  the  end  of  the  present  year,  or 
the  beginning  of  the  next,  I  hope  the  Com- 
mittee will  have  heard  from  me  more  in  detail. 
I  have  scarcely  a  particle  of  doubt,  that  if  one 
Station  only  is  sanctioned  by  the  Committee, 
the  choice  lies  between  Shanghai  and  Ningpo ; 
and  entertain  as  little  doubt,  that  if  the  Society 
will  enter  on  two  Stations,  as  every  other  Mis- 
sionary Society  has  done,  at  least,  Shanghai 
and  Ningpo,  considered"  collectively,  offer  the 
most  inviting  field  in  the  whole  of  China. 

I  cannot  close  this  lengthened  communica- 
tion, without  respectfully  impressing  on  the 
Committee  the  importance  of  entering  the  China 
Mission  with  something  like  an  adequate  force. 
It  is  my  earnest  prayer  and  hope,  that  our  Mis- 
sion here  may,  with  God's  blessing,  ever  be 
characterized,  less  by  its  numerical  strength 
than  by  the  elevated  tone  of  piety,  spirituality, 
zeal,  patience,  and  love  to  ike  brethren,  which 


50 


THE  FOREIGN  MISSIONARY  CHRONICLE. 


should  ever  distinguish  its  members,  as  the 
surest  earnest  of  the  blessing  of  God  resting  on 
their  work.  China  wants  Missionaries  of  a 
peculiar  order.  Piety,  however  genuine,  and 
zeal,  however  fervent,  unless  tempered  by  prac- 
tical judgment,  and  accompanied  by  vigorous 
activity  of  mind  and  body,  will  be  only  a  par- 
tial qualification  for  a  Labourer  entering  on  a 
field  abounding  with  gigantic  difficulties.  The 
difficulties,  however,  arc  intermingled  with 
many  encouragements.  The  Chinese  are  a 
hopeful  race,  and  need  only  the  transforming 
influence  of  Christianity  to  raise  them  almost 
immeasurably  above  the  rest  of  Asiatic  nations. 
They  are  a  quiet,  kind,  and  inquiring  race, 
wedded  by  custom  to  foolish  idolatry,  but  never 
willing  seriously  to  defend  its  practice.  Present 
appearances  lead  me  to  coincide  with  the  gen- 
eral  opinion  of  the  Missionaries,  that  nowhere 
in  the  heathen  world  can  a  Congregation  of  at- 
tentive hearers  be  more  easily  obtained  than  in 
China.  There  is,  of  course,  at  the  commence- 
ment of  a  Missionary's  career  in  China,  a  lon- 
ger period  of  delay  in  acquiring  the  language 
than  elsewhere.  A  person  of  quick  perception, 
retentive  memory,  and  habits  of  method  and 
analysis,  may,  in  one  year,  with  good  health, 
begin  to  feel  some  satisfactory  and  encoaraging 
indications  of  his  speedy  progress  toward  emi- 
nent usefulness.  Never,  again,  were  there  so 
many  proofs,  as  at  the  present  time,  of  the  will- 
ing, attentive  ear,  on  the  part  of  the  Chinese. 

lb.  pp.  265—267. 


INDIA  :   GERMAN  MISSION. 

The  Fifth  Report  of  the  German  Mission  in  the  Canara, 
Southern  JIahratta,  and  Malabar  Provinces,  is  thus 
noticed  by  The  Friend  of  India,  (Serampore,)  July  3d, 
1845: 

This  Mission,  which  is  connected  with  the 
Missionary  Institution  at  Basle,  in  Switzerland, 
has  now  been  established  more  than  ten  years. 
The  following  is  a  summary  account  of  its  pro- 
gress and  the  extent  of  its  labours : — 

"We  have  entered  upon  the  eleventh  year 
of  our  Mission.  On  the  30th  October,  1834, 
the  Brethren  Hebich^  Lehner,  and  Greincr 
landed  at  Mangalore,  strangers  and  almost 
triendless.  Since  that  time  eight  stations  have 
been  established  in  three  different  provinces. 
The  number  of  brethren  labouring  in  the  coun- 
try has  been  increased  to  twenty-two ;  eleven 
of  whom  are  married.  The  congregations, 
gathered  from  among  the  Tulu,  the  Canarese, 
and  Malayalam  people,  form  a  small  host  of  some 
four  hundred  souls,  besides  a  mixed  multitude 
of  native  schoolmasters,  scholars,  colonists,  and 
tservants,  by  whom  our  little  camps  are  sur- 


rounded. A  considerable  part  of  the  New  Tes- 
tament (two  Gospels,  the  Acts,  and  ten  Apos- 
tolic Epistles)  has  been  translated  into  Tulu, 
and  printed  by  our  Lithographic  Press  at  Man- 
galore.  A  number  of  tracts  and  other  religious 
books  have  been  translated  or  originally  com- 
posed in  Canarese,  Malayalam,  and  Tulu,  litho- 
graphed at  Mangalore,  and  distributed  in  the 
schools,  the  congregations,  and  among  the  hea- 
then population  of  our  districts.  Among  the 
natives  we  have  gained  some  of  the  advantages 
which  are  afforded  by  more  familiar  intercourse, 
and  maturer  acquaintance,  and  among  our  Eu- 
ropean fellow-christians  the  Lord  has  given  us 
so  many  liberal  supporters  and  kind  friends, 
that  we  have  long  ceased  to  feel  ourselves  stran- 
gers in  India.  Of  twenty-seven  brethren,  who 
have  been  during  the  past  eleven  years  sent  out 
to  this  country  by  our  Committee,  two  have  left 
our  Society,  and  three  are  at  present  in  Europe. 
We  have  lost  none  by  death.  One  of  our  in- 
valid brethren  has  after  a  three  years'  absence 
returned  to  his  work,  and  another  who  was 
during  the  last  year  seriously  ill,  has  been  re- 
stored to  health." 

The  operations  of  the  Missions  are  spread 
over  the  provinces  on  the  Malabar  Coast,  and 
embrace  eight  stations,  of  which  the  most  north- 
ern is  Dharwar,  and  the  most  southern  Calicut, 
where  the  first  European  expedition  to  the  East 
landed  more  than  three  centuries  ago.  Though 
the  Report  states  that  out  of  twenty-two  Euro- 
pean labourers  no  one  has  been  removed  by 
death — which  is  one  of  the  most  extraordinary 
instances  in  India  of  freedom  from  mortality, — 
yet,  while  the  report  was  passing  through  the 
Press,  one  of  the  brethren,  Mr.  Hall,  has  been 
carried  to  the  grave  by  the  small-pox.  The 
number  of  stations  occupied  by  the  brethren  of 
the  Mission  is  eight, — viz. 

Mangalore,     with  seven  Missionaries. 

Dharwar,  "  three  " 

Hubli,  "  one  " 

Bettingerry,  "  two  " 

Malsumoodra,   "  two  " 

Cananore,  "  one  " 

Tellichery,  "  four 

Calicut,  '•  two  " 

The  devoted  Missionaries  of  this  Society  have 
been  diligently  engaged  in  proclaiming  the 
truths  of  the  Gospel  among  the  Heathen ;  and 
in  the  instruction  of  youth  in  the  various  modes 
adopted  by  Missionary  Societies.  The  num- 
ber of  children  under  tuition  at  the  various  sta- 
tions, amounts  to  nearly  two  thousand.  They 
have  also  Female  Schools  both  for  day  scholars 
and  boarders ;  the  latter  are  of  course  in  Chris- 
tian habits,  and  are  more  particularly  instructed 
in  Christian  doctrine  and  duty. 


THE  FOREIGN   MISSIONARY  CHRONICLE. 


51 


illli00ton  ^onst:  Jfeto-Uork,  Jiebruarg,  1856. 


RECENT  INTELLIGENCE. 

Iowa  Mission. — The  Rev.  S.  M. 
Irvin  writes  as  follows  :  "  White  Cloud 
and  his  party  have  returned  [from  their 
visit  to  Europe]  with  feelings  quite  dif- 
ferent from  what  we  feared  they  would 
come.  They  never  before  gave  us 
such  manifestations  of  respect  and 
friendship.  White  Cloud,  in  conver- 
sation with  the  agent  the  other  day, 
told  him,  that  the  missionaries  were 
their  best  friends, — that  they  were 
pleased  with  the  buildings  and  im- 
provements,— and  that  they  wanted  us 
to  go  on  with  our  plans,  and  get  the 
school  in  operation  as  quickly  as  possi- 
ble .  .  .  that  I  had  been  with  them 
eight  years,  and  they  wished  me  always 
to  remain,  &:.c.  They  frequently  in- 
quire when  the  school-house  will  be 
done, — think  that  it  moves  slowly, — 
want  their  children  in  out  of  the  cold, 
and  learning  to  read,  &C."  Mr.  Irvin 
adds,  in  another  part  of  this  letter,  "  I 
think  there  is  quite  an  encouraging 
prospect  before  the  school,  if  it  be  man- 
aged with  prudence  and  energy^ 

Creek  Mission. — The  Rev.  John 
Limber  has  concluded  to  withdraw 
from  the  service  of  this  mission,  with  a 
view  to  ministerial  labour  in  Texas. 
Mr.  John  Lilley,  of  Philadelphia,  has 
been  appointed  an  assistant  missionary 
among  the  Creeks,  and,  with  his  fam- 
ily had  reached  Cincinnati  on  the  2'2d 
of  December,  on  his  way  to  the  mis- 
sionary station.  We  presume  he  has 
reached  his  field  of  labour  before  this 
time,  and  we  trust  that  he  may  be 
abundantly  blessed  at  the  important 
post  which  he  has  gone  to  occupy  in 
the  Lord's  vineyard. 

China:  Amoy  Mission. — A  letter 
from  Dr.  J.  C.  Hepburn,  dated  at  Ma- 
cao, September  25th,  to  which  place 
he  had  come  with  Mrs.  Hepburn,  on 
account  of  her  health,  mentions  their 
probable  return  to  this  country  for  the 
same  cause.    They  contemplated  this 


measure  with  deep  regret  at  leaviup^ 
such  an  important  sphere  of  duty,  and 
would  acquiesce  in  it,  if  obliged  to  do 
so,  only  from  a  conviction  of  its  imper- 
ative necessity. 

India  :  Lodiana  Mission. — In  the 

recent  intelligence  of  last  month,  we 
omitted  to  record  the  arrival  of  Mr. 
Reese  Morris  and  family,  formerly  con- 
nected with  this  mission.  We  are 
thankful  to  state,  that  Mr.  Morris' 
health,  though  not  restored,  has  been 
improved  by  the  voyage  ;  though  not  to 
such  an  extent  as  to  allow  him  to  think 
of  returning  to  India.  On  the  journey, 
Mr.  and  Mrs.  Morris  were  called  to 
endure  a  severe  bereavement  in  the 
death  of  their  youngest  child. 


GERMAN   missionary  PUBLICATIONS. 

We  receive  from  abroad  several  pe- 
riodical works,  of  which  it  seems  pro- 
per to  take  some  notice.  The  first  is 
the  Calwer  Missions- Blatt,  or  "  Calw 
Missionary-sheet,"  a  quarto  of  four 
pages,  double-columns,  not  quite  as 
large  as  our  "  Foreign  Missionary." 
This  is  interesting,  as  coming  from  the 
neighbourhood  of  Tubingen,  in  Wir- 
temberg.  The  editor  is  Dr.  Barth.  A 
very  large  proportion  of  the  intelligence 
is  from  Englisii  and  American  Socie- 
ties. While  this  prevents  our  expect- 
ing much  that  is  new,  it  is  significant, 
as  showing  what  our  influence,  for 
good  or  evil,  may  be  in  distant  coun- 
tries. Each  number  has  a  wood-cut. 
The  first  article,  of  date  March  1, 
1845,  is  a  translation  from  our  "  For- 
eign Missionary,"  respecting  China. 
The  contributions,  reported  in  this  pa- 
per, are  very  small,  compared  with 
those  of  England  and  America  ;  but 
they  show  the  existence  of  some  mis- 
sionary zeal,  and  the  influence  of  such 
a  centre  as  that  of  Basle. 

The  August  number  contains  an  ac 


0-2 


THE  FOREIGN  MISSIONARY  CHRONICLE. 


count  of  the  anniversary  at  Basle. 
From  this  it  appears  that  forty  associa- 
tions are  connected  witli  that  of  Basic. 
Among  these  are  three  new  ones  ;  one 
ot  Tanuil  Christians  in  Dharwar,  a 
second  of  Cliristian  soldiers  in  Canna- 
nore,  and  a  third  of  German  missiona- 
ries in  Sierra  Leone.  Mr.  Zahner  has 
been  sent  to  the  Germans  of  America; 
Messrs.  Wuerth,  Kiess  and  Moericke, 
lo  India ;  and  Messrs.  Fuchs,  Bom- 
wetsch,  Koelle,  and  Deggeler,  to  Eng- 
land, under  the  Church  Missionary  So- 
ciety. 

A  second  publication,  issued  simul- 
taneously, and  from  the  same  press,  is 
entided  Beleuchtungen  der  Missions- 
sache,  or  "  Glimpses  of  Missionary  Af- 
fairs." It  is  about  twice  the  size,  and 
a  sort  of  supplement  to  the  foregoing. 
Almost  every  article,  in  the  file  of  num- 
bers just  received,  is  from  English 
magazines. 

A  third  is  the  Missionshlatt  filr  Kin- 
der, or  "  Missionary-sheet  for  Chil- 
dren ;"  a  monthly  magazine  of  twelve 
pages,  post  8vo.  from  the  same  place. 
We  have  the  numbers,  for  the  present 
year,  as  far  as  September.  It  is  a 
pleasing  little  work,  well  suited  to  the 
young,  especially  as  it  is  illustrated  by 
unusually  fine  wood-cuts.  The  inte- 
rest of  the  narratives  turns  very  much 
on  the  condition  of  the  AVest  Indian 
slaves. 

A  fourth  publication,  by  the  same 
zealous  editor.  Dr.  Barth,  is  the  Mon- 
athsbldtter  fur  uffentlicke  Missions- 
Stunden,  or  "  Monthly  Paper  for  Pub- 
lic Missionary  Meetings."  In  this  we 
have  felt  a  peculiar  interest.  It  is  a 
post  8vo.  of  sixteen  pages.  Some  idea 
of  its  plan  may  be  formed,  if  we  sup- 
pose a  clergyman  to  write  down  every 
word  which  he  shall  utter  at  the 
Monthly  Concert,  exhortation,  mission- 
ary intelligence,  hymns,  and  prayers. 
Both  addresses  and  prayers  are  full  of 
evangelical  unction. 


The  Land  of  Sinim  ;  or,  Exposition  of  Isaiah,  xlix., 
12,  together  with  a  brief  account  of  the  Jews  and  Chris- 


tians in  China.  By  a  3Iissionary  in  China.  Philadelphia 
and  New  York  :  William  S.  Martien,  1845. 

This  is  the  title  of  a  book  lately  published  by 
Mr.  Martien.  The  design  of  its  publication  is 
thus  set  fortli  in  the  introductory  notice  : 

"This  little  work  appeared  originally  in  seve- 
ral numbers  of  the  Chinese  Repository,  of  the 
year  1841.  It  was  written  by  one  of  the  Mis- 
sionaries of  the  Board  of  Foreign  Missions  of 
the  Presbyterian  Church,  in  China;  and  it  is 
now  republished,  without  the  knowledge  of  the 
author,  in  the  hope  of  gratifying,  and  perhaps 
increasing  the  interest  of  the  Christian  commu- 
nity in  the  evangelization  of  the  Chinese." 

No  little  industry  appears  to  have  been  spent 
in  collecting  from  many  sources  the  information 
condensed,  and,  as  we  think,  happily  presented 
in  this  small  volume — information  the  more 
valuable  because  fortified  by  abundant  refer- 
ences. And  the  narrative  has  been  so  con- 
structed, as  not  to  exclude  appropriate  and  often 
weighty  reflectious  on  the  events  which  it  re- 
cords. We  should  suppose  that  no  reader  of 
this  work  would  regret  the  time  spent  in  its 
perusal. 


OBITUARY  NOTICE  OF  MR.  JAMES  CRAIG. 

^We  find  in  the  Banner  of  the  Covenant  the  following 
Notice  of  the  last  hours,  and  of  the  religious  character 
of  Mr.  James  Craig,  late  missionary  teacher  at  Saharun- 
pur.  This  sketch  is  from  the  pen  of  the  Rev.  J.  R. 
Campbell,  of  the  same  Mission. 

Died  in  the  Mission  House,  Saharanpur, 
North  India,  on  Saturday  morning,  the  16th  of 
August,  1845,  Mr.  James  Craig,  in  the  46th 
year  of  his  age,  and  for  more  than  seven  years 
a  missionary  among  the  heathen  of  India. 

A  little  more  than  a  month  before  his  decease, 
Mr,  Craig  was  in  the  enjoyment  of  robust 
health.  On  the  appearance  of  a  slight  bihous 
derangement  of  his  system,  the  physician  of  the 
station  was  called  in,  and  a  course  of  medical 
treatment  pursued,  which  it  was  hoped  would 
soon,  through  the  divine  blessing,  restore  him 
to  usual  health  ;  but  the  diseeise,  though  seem- 
ingly slight,  resisted  all  the  usual  remedies,  and 
no  good  was  effected.  The  doctor  next  pro- 
posed salivation,  as  the  most  effectual  means  of 
restoring  the  secretions  of  the  system  to  a  pro- 
per state.  To  this  course  Mr.  C.  consented, 
but  all  the  efforts  made  to  accomplish  the  object 
proposed,  entirely  failed.  During  this  time,  the 
patient  was  nearly  altogether  free  from  pain — did 
not  appear  to  be  wasted  by  disease,  though  with- 
out appetite,  and  was  in  the  possession  of  an  ac- 
tive and  composed  mind.  It  appears  that  for  some 
days  before  his  departure,  he  had  the  sentence 
of  death  in  himself,  and  felt  that  he  was  not  to 


THE  FOREIGN   MISSIONARY  CHRONICLE. 


53 


be  much  longer  an  inhabitant  of  earth.  This 
he  made  known  to  his  beloved  partner,  whom 
he  exhorted  not  so  much  to  pray  for  his  life,  as 
that  she  might  be  able  to  exercise  Christian  re- 
signation to  the  divine  will,  and  that  his  death 
might  be  sanctified  to  herself  The  day  before 
his  death,  he  called  the  writer  to  his  bed  side, 
and  with  the  most  perfect  composure,  spoke  of 
his  departure  being  at  hand,  and  made  known 
his  wishes  respecting  his  wife  and  children, 
w^hen  left  alone  in  this  heathen  land.  On  ex- 
pressing our  hopes  that  such  distressing  events 
would  not  take  place,  he  said,  "Well,  you  will 
see  that  I  shall  not  be  many  days  here.  I  feel 
that  the  supports  of  hfe  are  almost  gone,  and 
that  I  cannot  live  much  longer."  I  then  asked 
him  w^hat  his  view^s  and  feelings  were  under 
such  prospects.  With  a  peculiar  expression 
of  joy,  he  said,  "  O,  I  should  be  rejoiced  to  get 
away  from  a  world  of  sin  and  imperfection,  and 
to  be  with  Christ,  and  nothing  holds  me  here, 
but  a  desire  to  support  and  cherish  my  family  ; 
but  them  I  commit  to  God." 

After  much  conversation  of  this  kind,  in 
which  he  seemed  to  take  great  pleasure,  we 
poured  out  our  hearts  together  in  prayer,  as  we 
had  often  done  before,  and  mingled  our  tears 
with  our  supplications  in  prospect  of  such  a 
separation, — to  us  an  event  that  seemed  possi- 
ble, but  to  him,  one  quite  probable,  if  not  cer- 
tain. In  this  calm  and  peaceful  state,  he  re- 
mained during  the  day,  fully  anticipating  a 
speedy  dissolution,  while  we  all  entertained  a 
hope,  that  he  might  still  be  spared  to  his  family, 
and  the  work  to  which  he  was  devoted.  About 
midnight  he  awoke  out  of  a  long  sleep,  and 
supposing  that  his  end  was  near,  he  formally, 
iu  prayer,  commended  his  wife  and  children  to 
the  Lord.  Shortly  after,  his  hearing  and  speech 
greatly  failed  him,  and  his  mind  wandered,  but 
still  he  appeared  to  under.stand  what  was  tak- 
ing place.  About  four  o'clock,  he  was  asked 
if  Christ  was  precious  now,  and  never  can  we 
forget  the  expression  of  his  countenance,  and 
the  heavenly  joy  that  seemed  to  spread  over  his 
face,  as  an  index  of  that  ecstacy  which  filled 
his  enraptured  soul.  lie  then  gave  the  last 
parting  grasp  of  the  hand  to  Mrs.  Craig, — 
gradually  lost  all  consciousness  of  external 
things,  and  sweetly  and  co.lmly,  without  a 
struggle,  took  his  departure  for  a  world  of  end- 
less and  unspeakable  happiness.  "  Mark  the 
perfect  man,  and  behold  the  upright,  for  the 
end  of  that  man  is  peace." 

It  has  been  the  happiness  of  the  writer  of 
this  short  account  of  the  last  hours  of  the  de- 
ceased, to  have  enjoyed  a  most  intimate  ac- 
quaintance with  him  for  twenty  years;  during 
which  period  our  friendship  has  been  uninter- 
rupted, and  our  objects  and  interests  have  been 
closely  identified.  How  often  have  we  talked 
of  Christ — of  his  character — his  condescending 


love,  in  the  work  of  man's  redemption,  of  our 
personal  experience  of  his  grace,  and  the  enjoy- 
ments of  his  presence,  until  our  souls  have 
burned  within  us.  How  often  have  we  con- 
versed on  the  nature  and  freeness  of  the  Gospel, 
— on  the  constitution,  and  order,  and  worship, 
of  the  Church  of  God ; — the  means  of  her  ex- 
tension in  all  lands,  and  her  future  purity,  and 
prevalence,  and  glory; — on  the  way  that  God 
had  preserved  us  in  the  slippery  paths  of  youth, 
when  in  the  road  to  ruin — brought  us  to  the 
knowledge  of  himself, — by  mysterious  provi- 
dences led  us  from  the  land  of  our  fathers  and 
our  friends,  to  the  beloved  country  of  our  adop- 
tion,— revived  and  refreshed  us,  and  made  us 
mutually  useful  to  each  other's  stability  and 
spirituality, — inclined  us  to  devote  ourselves  to 
the  spread  of  the  Gospel  among  the  heathen — 
and  then  opened  the  door  for  us,  and  at  last 
brought  us  through  many  perils  by  sea  and  land 
to  this  distant  field  of  labour,  and  preserved  us 
so  long  in  an  uncongenial  clime.  But  this  sin- 
cere and  beloved  Christian  friend  is  gone,  and 
I  am  left  to  prosecute  the  work  alone.  His 
strong  mind,  good  taste,  sound  judgment,  hu- 
mility, agreeableness,  and  prudence,  made  him 
a  pleasing  companion  in  the  mission  work, 
and  peculiarly  qualified  him  for  discharging  the 
duties  of  a  ruling  elder,  both  in  a  Christian  and 
a  heathen  land.  I  have  never  known  a  man 
of  more  integrity  and  uprightness.  His  love  of 
truth,  in  every  form,  was  most  ardent.  He  ab- 
horred insincerity  and  falsehood  in  every  shape. 
His  attachment  to  the  few  whom  he  made 
his  bosom  friends,  was  unalterable. 

He  was  born  at  a  place  called  Leiter,  about 
four  miles  to  the  east  of  Londonderry,  and  in 
the  I8th  year  of  his  age  he  experienced  that 
change  of  heart,  by  which  old  things  passed 
away,  and  all  things  became  new.  At  that 
time,  and  at  other  periods  of  his  Christian  life, 
his  enjoyment  in  religion  was  very  great, — in- 
deed so  great,  as  he  often  remarked,  as  almost 
to  unfit  him  for  engoging  in  the  common  duties 
of  life ;  but  again,  he  often  walked  in  darkness, 
and  had  no  spiritual  comfort  in  Christian  or- 
dinances. Still,  so  marked  were  the  evidences 
of  his  conversion  to  God,  and  so  clear  were  his 
views  of  the  doctrines  of  grace,  and  the  nature 
of  that  covenant  which  is  w^ell  ordered  in  all 
things  and  sure,  he  was  not  tossed  to  and  fro. 
nor  harassed  with  doubts  respecting  his  inter- 
est in  Christ,  He  kncio  in  whom  he  had  be- 
lieved ;  and  his  faith  in  the  sure  promises  of 
Him  who  cannot  lie,  regardless  of  his  own 
feelings  or  sensible  assurance, — and  his  belief 
that  God  was  his  God  in  covenant,  and  that 
this  covenant  stood  fast,  was  generally  unwa- 
vering. He  has  often  remarked  to  the  writer, 
that  he  coyjld  sooner  disbelieve  his  own  exist- 
ence, than  doubt  the  reality  of  his  religious  ex- 
ercises and  enioyments,  and  only  a  few  hours 


54 


THE  FOREIGN   MISSIONARY  CHRONICLE. 


before  his  death,  and  when  ho  looked  down  in- 
to the  tomb,  and  forward  into  the  eternal  state 
on  which  he  was  about  to  enter,  he  said  he  did 
not  entertain  a  doubt  respecting  his  acceptance 
with  God,  through  Jesus  Christ,  on  whom  alone 
his  hopes  were  fixed.  And  yet  no  man  could 
have  moro  humble  views  of  himself,  than  he 
entertained. 

During  his  whole  life  he  had  been  acquiring 
more  knowledge  of  himself,  and  of  the  deep 
depravity  and  corruption  of  his  heart.  "Great 
humble  man  !"  He  is  now  delivered  from  the 
bondage  of  corruption,  that  weighed  down  his 
spirits,  and  has  been  admitted  into  the  glorious 
liberty  of  the  children  of  God  above.  For  him 
death  had  no  terrors,  because  its  sting  had 
been  taken  away.  His  faith  is  now  changed 
to  vision; — he  sees  as  he  is  seen,  and  knows 
as  he  is  known.  "  Blessed  are  the  dead  that 
die  in  the  Lord."  May  we  "  be  followers  of 
them,  who  through  faith  and  patience  inherit 
the  promises."  He  has  left  a  beloved  partner 
and  five  small  children  to  the  care  of  his  cove- 
nant God,  and  to  the  affectionate  sympathies 
of  the  Christian  church ;  and  he  has  left  his 


companion  in  labour  at  this  station  solitary  and 
alone.  May  this  solemn  event  be  sanctified  to 
us  all ; — may  some  devoted  servant  of  the  Lord 
soon  come  up  to  fill  his  place,  that  the  work 
may  not  be  interrupted  ; — and  may  we  all  bt 
excited,  from  this  evidence  of  the  uncertainty 
of  life,  to  "  do  what  our  hands  find  to  do,  with 
all  our  might." 

His  funeral,  which  took  place  the  same  af- 
ternoon, was  attended  by  nearly  all  the  civil 
and  military  gentlemen  at  the  station,  and  by  a 
large  number  of  the  natives.  His  remains  lie 
in  the  mission  burying-ground  on  the  premises, 
there  to  sleep  until  the  morning  of  the  resur- 
rection. His  bereaved  widow  is  wonderfully 
supported  under  her  severe  trial,  and  she  has 
the  sincere  sympathies  of  all  around  her.  On 
the  next  day,  the  Sabbath,  she  was  enabled  to 
appear  in  the  house  of  God,  and  offer  her  infant 
babe,  only  a  few  weeks  old,  to  Him  in  the  or- 
ordinance  of  baptism.  At  the  same  time,  a 
sermon  was  preached  with  reference  to  the  event, 
from  Ps.  xxxix.,  9,  "  I  was  dumb,  I  opened  not 
my  mouth,  because  thou  didst  it." 


DONATIONS  TO  THE  BOARD  OF  FOREIGN  MISSIONS 

IN  DECEMBER,  1845, 


SYNOD  OF  BUFFAXo.   PJ)y.  of  Steuben. 
Bath  1st  ch,  ladies'  benev.  soc  10  00 

SYNOD  OF  ALBANY.    Pby.  of  Albany. 
Esperance  ch,  mo.  con.  25  10  ;  P  Witt,  5 ;  Al- 
bany 1st  ch,  sup.  Rev  J  Warren,  Allahabad, 
700  730  10 

Pby.  of  Columbia. 
Lexington  Heights  ch,  mo.  con.  7  00 

SYNOD  OF  NEW  YOEK.    Pby.  of  Hudsoti. 
Goshen  ch,  Dr  J  S  Crane,  10  00 

Pby.  of  K  River. 
Newburg'  1st  ch,  rao.  con.  16  73  ;  '  four  ladies,' 
toed.  Mary  Johnson,  at  Furruckhabad,  20; 
Wappinger's  cr.  1st  ch,  con.  Rev  Fenwick 
T  WiLLi.uis  1.  m.  30  66  73 


Moriches  ch 


Pby.  of  Long  Island, 


4  58 


Pby.  of  New  York. 
Chelsea  ch,  158  45  ;  Duane  st.  ch,  mo.  con.  Dec 

19  23  ;  do.  young  ladies'  assoc.  to  sup.  an 
evang.  in  France  one  year,  250;  Brooklyn 
2d  ch,  T  Baylis,  10  ;  Wallabout  ch,  mo.  con. 
6  41;  church  on  42d  st.  mo.  con.  Dec.  4  50, 
Brick  ch,  mo.  con.  Dec.  3  20 ;  Madison  av. 
ch,  mo.  con.  Dec.  5  63;  Hammond  st.  ch,  mo. 
con.  Dec  3  69  ;  Brooklyn  Istch,  mo.  con.  Dec 

20  31 ;  do  sab.  sch.  to  ed.  as  before,  10  ;  N  Y 
1st  ch,  mo.  con.  Dec  83  ;  NY  15th  st  ch,  sab. 

sch.  for  Oct  Nov  Dec  11  74  586  16 

2nd  Pby.  of  New  York. 
N  Y  Scotch  ch,  mo.  con.  Nov  84  ;  do.  Dec  97 ; 
Canal  st  ch,  'a  member.' con.  Thomas  W 
Wells  1.  m.  35  216  00 


SYNOD  OF  N.  JERSEY.   Pby.  of  EUzabcthtown. 
Woodbridee  ch,  30  ;  Paterson  1st  cli,  con.  Rev 
Wm  H  HoRNBLowER  1.  d.  1,000;  Plaiufield 
1st  ch,  for  miss.  soc.  14  50  1044  50 

Pby.  of  New  Brunswiek. 
Bound  Brook  cli,  bal.  to  con.  John  Polhesius, 
David  A  Smalley  and  John  Creed  1.  ms. 
10;  Princeton,  Rev  Samuel  Miller,  D  D  50; 
Lawrenceville  ch,  mo.  con.  26  83  ;  sab.  sch. 
mo.  coll.  10  44  -  97  27 


Allen  township  ch 


Pby.  of  Newton. 


Pby.  of  Susquehanna. 


10  00 


Orwell  eh  7  00 

Pby.  of  Luzerne. 
Mauch  Chunk  ch  5  00 

Pby.  of  JV.  Jersey. 
Burlington  ch,  35  47  ;  Salem  ch,  15;  Cape  Isl- 
and sab.  sell.  12  25  62  72 

SYNOD  OF  PHiLA.   Pby.  of  Pkila. 
Phila.  6th  ch,  sup.  Rev  A  P  Happer,  181  50  ; 
Robert  Creighton,  10;  Central  ch,  M  New- 
kirk,  20 ;  Tenth  ch,  mo.  con.  83  294  50 

Pby.  of  Donegal. 
Marietta  ch  21  50 

Pby.  of  Newcastle. 
Red  Clay  cr.  ch,  19;  Brandywine  Manor  ch, 

Mrs  M  A  Grier,  Christmas  gift,  5  24  00 

Pby.  of  Baltimore. 
Princess  Ann,  '  a  friend,'  5 ;  Taneytown  ch, 
140,  of  which  40  to  ed.  children  in  orphan 
sch.  at  Futtegurh  ;  Alexandria  1st  ch,  59  93     204  93 


/ 


THE   FOREIGN   MISSIONARY  CHRONICLE. 


55 


Pby.  of  Carlisle. 
McConnellsburg  ch,  25  ;  Green  Hill  ch,  10 ; 
Wells  Valley  ch,  7;  Dickinson  cli,  2;  Get- 
tysburg ch,  fem.  miss.  soc.  for  orphan  sch.  at 
Futtegurh.  31  50  75  50 

SYNOD  OF  PITTSBURG.   Fhy.  i)J  BlatrsvUU. 
New  Alexandria,  Wilson  miss.  soc.  7  46  ;  Unity 

and  Youngstown  for.  miss.  soc.  17  24  46 

Pby.  of  Redstone. 
Greensburg  ch,  15  ;  Mt  Pleasant  ch,  16  05  31  05 

Ply.  of  Ohio. 
EaBt  Liberty  ch,  ladies'  sew.  soc.  to  ed.  William 
_  B  McJlvaine,  25,  in  addition  to  75  previously 

paid  25  00 

Pby.  of  Beaver. 
Neshanock  ch  40  00 

Pby.  of  Clarion. 
Fisgah  ch  7  26 

SYNOD  OP  WHEELING.   Pby.  of  Washington. 
Fairview  ch,  46  50  ;  Wheeling,  Mrs  Gooding, 
3  95  50  45 

Pby.  of  Steubenville. 
eteubenville  2d  ch  30  69 

SYNOD  OF  OHIO.   Pby.  of  Cochocton. 
Berlin  sab.  sch.  union  6  13 

SYNOD  OF  CINCINNATI.   Pby.  of  Miami. 
Yellow  Springs  ch,  79  10,  of  wh.  ladies'  benev. 
.soc.  10,  and  to  ed.  Moses  Russell  in  India,  25; 
Muddy  Run  ch,  8  65  87  75 

Pby.  of  Cincinnati. 
Cincinnati  1st  ch,  la.  miss.  soc.  proceeds  mo. 
sale,  56  ;  do.  amt.  prev.  ackii  cou.  Rev  Na- 
than L  Rice  D  D  and  Re"  Thomas  J  Biggs 
1.  d.  4th  ch,  mo.  con.  Oct.  Nov.  Dec  2  35  ; 
Walnut  Hills  ch,  mo.  con.  Nov  Dec  5  25  63  60 


SYNOD  OF  INDIANA.    Pby.  of  Salem. 
New  Albany  1st  ch,  Rev  James  Wood,  5  ;  Mrs 

Wood,  1  for  restoring  press  at  Lodiana  6  00 

SYNOD  OF  ILLINOIS.    Pby.  of  ScUuyUr. 
Millersburg  ch,  mo.  con  7  00 

SYNOD  OF  VA.    Pby.  of  W.  Hanover. 
Farmville  ch.  con.  Rev  Sam'l  L  Graham  D  D 
and  Rev  Wm  C  Scott  1.  nis.  61  00 

Pby.  of  E.  Hanover. 
Norfolk  1st  ch,  sab.  sch.  21  24 

SYNOD  OF  w.  TENN.    Pby.  of  Holston. 
Knoxville  1st  ch,  mo.  con.  Oct  Dec  33  18 

Pby.  of  W.  Tennessee. 
Cornersville,  Alex  Stinson  10  00 

LEGACIES. 

Lewisburg,  Pa  on  acct.  of  A  McClenahan,  dec'd, 

177  33  ;  New  York,  Eleazer  Mills,  dec'd,  200  .377  33 

MISCELLANEOUS. 

New  Brunswick,  N  J  Rev  J  J  Jane- 
way  D  D  200  00 
New  York,  Jane  Mack  5  00 
Newcastle-upon-Tyne,  Eng,  '  friends,' 

for  Iowa  school  24  17 
Newcastle-upon-Tyne,  Eng.  do 

sup.  Mr  Bloohm  24  17 
James  Gilman,  towards  purchasing  bell 

for  Iowa  school  10  00 

N  Jersey,  '  a  friend  to  Africa'  100  00 

Cunningham,  Pa  4  00 

Portageville,  N  J  4  80 
Mrs  M  Brown,  1 ;  J  Turner,  1 ;  A  Turner  3  00—375  14 


Total, 


S4.742  19 


Bath  ch 


Pby.  of  Oxford. 


7  42 


Donations  in  clothing.,  ifc. 
Mercer  ch,  Pa  ladies,  1  box  clothing  for  Creek 

mission,  valued  at  50  25 

Salem  ch,  O  5  yds  flannel,  and  5  prs  woollen 

socks 

Upper  Buffalo  ch,  Pa  ladies,  1  box  clothing  for 

Sac  and  Otoe  Indians  ~         48  25 


FORM  OF  A  BEaUEST  TO  THE  BOARD  OF  FOREIGN  MISSIONS. 

I  bequeath  to  my  Executors  the  sum  of  dollars  in  trust,  to  pay  over  the  same 

in  after  my  decease,  to  the  person  who,  when  the  same  shall  be  payable,  shall 

act  as  Treasurer  of  the  Board  of  Foreign  Missions  of  the  Presbyterian  Church,  of  the  United 
States  of  America,  to  be  applied  to  the  uses  and  purposes  of  said  Board,  and  under  its  direction, 
and  the  receipt  of  the  said  Treasurer  shall  be  a  full  and  legal  acquittance  of  my  said  Executors 
for  the  same. 

FORM  OF   A  DEVISE  OR  BEQUEST  TO  THE  GENERAL  ASSEMBLY'S  BOARD  OF  MISSIONS. 

To  the  Trustees  of  the  Board  of  Missions  of  the  General  Assembly  of  the  Presbyterian 
Church  of  the  United  States  of  America,  and  to  their  successors  and  assigns,  I  give  and  bequeath 
the  sum  of  or  I  devise  a  certain  messuage,  and  tract  of  land,  &c.,  to  be  held  by 

the  said  Trustees,  and  their  successors  for  ever,  to  and  for  the  uses,  and  under  the  direction  of 
the  said  Board  of  Missions  of  the  said  General  Assembly,  according  to  the  provisions  of  their 
charter. 


THE 

DOMESTIC  MISSIONARY  CHRONICLE. 


Vol.  XIV.  FEBRUARY,    184  6.  No.  2. 


loarir  of  Bomtstic  Mis  si  a  ub. 


REVIEW 

OF  THE 

OPERATIONS   OF   THE  BOARD. 

When  the  present  ecclesiastical  year  com- 
menced in  May  last,  the  Board  of  Missions  had 
in  commission  iico  hundred  and  seventeen  Mis- 
sionaries; a  large  proportion  of  these  have  been 
re-appointed,  and  in  addition,  since  May,  and 
up  to  the  close  of  December,  the  Board  have 
made  one  hundred  and  thirteen  new  appoint- 
ments, making  the  whole  number  in  commission 
on  the  1st  day  of  January,  1846,  three  hundred 
and  thirty.  This  is  the  largest  number  of  Mis- 
sionaries the  Board  have  ever  had  in  commis- 
sion at  this  season  of  the  year.  A  number  of 
valuable  men  have  been  sent  into  the  field,  se- 
veral new  and  important  stations  have  been 
supplied,  and  the  whole  ground  occupied  has 
been  considerably  enlarged  :  and  we  think,  we 
may  add  here,  there  is  cheering  evidence,  that 
in  most  sections  of  our  widely  extended  church, 
tho  cause  of  Domestic  Missions  is  gaining  in 
the  interest  and  confidence  of  the  people  ;  for 
this  evidence  of  Divine  favour,  we  desire  to  be 
unfeignedly  thankful. 

During  the  summer  and  autumn,  in  some 
portions  of  the  missionary  field,  and  more  es- 
pecially in  the  West,  there  has  been  much  dis- 
tressing sickness,  which  in  many  instances  has 
terminated  fatally.  There  have  been  painful 
breaches  made  in  a  number  of  our  Mission 
churches,  which  call  for  the  sympathies  and 
prayers  of  God's  people.  The  missionaries 
themselves,  and  their  families,  have  shared  in 
the  general  suffering;  many  of  them  have  been 
visited  with  severe  and  protracted  illness,  but 
in  most  instances  G  od  has  mercifully  interposed, 
and  spared  their  lives.  Their  labours  have, 
however,  been  seriously  interrupted  by  prevail- 
ing sickness ;  how  far  these  visitations  of  God 
will  be  overruled  for  "the  furtherance  of  the 
Gospel,"  and  the  good  of  souls,  remains  to  be 
seen.    The  benevolent  design  of  God  in  the 


afilictions  he  sends,  as  we  learn  from  his  word, 
is,  to  lead  men  to  consider  their  ways,  and  turn 
to  hirau  But  it  is  to  be  lamented,  that  in  too 
many  instances,  through  the  corruption  that  is 
within  them,  and  the  temptations  to  which  they 
are  exposed,  men  are  rather  hardened  them 
softened  by  their  afflictions. 

The  general  slate  of  religion  in  the  mission- 
ary field,  so  far  as  we  have  been  able  to  gather 
it  from  the  reports  of  the  missionaries,  we  are 
pained  to  be  compelled  to  say,  resembles  too 
much  the  state  of  religion  in  our  churches  gen- 
erally. Many  of  these  good  men,  in  the  lan- 
guage of  the  Prophet,  have  to  complain,  "  Who 
hath  believed  our  report  ?  and  to  whom  is  the 
arm  of  the  Lord  revealed  1 '  They  complain  of 
the  want  of  faith,  and  energy  in  prayer,  among 
God's  people  ;  that  while  the  form  of  rehgionis 
kept  up,  and  religious  duties  are  not  neglected, 
there  is  a  deplorable  want  of  vitality,  and  even, 
in  many  cases,  where  this  is  felt,  and  mourned 
over,  there  seems  to  be  hardly  sufficient  life,  or 
spiritual  energy  to  rise  up,  and  in  earnest,  cry 
to  God  for  help.  Alas !  that  it  should  be  so. 
When  will  Christians  learn,  that  it  is  their 
sweet  privilege,  as  well  as  their  duty  to  have, 
and  to  exercise  spiritual  life  and  energy  1 

But  while  we  have  to  lament,  that  this  spi- 
ritual apathy  is  found  so  generally  to  prevail, 
we  record  with  heartfelt  gratitude  to  the  God 
of  all  grace,  that  there  are  delightful  exceptions. 
There  are  in  the  broad  missionary  field,  many 
bright  spots — where  it  is  day,  and  where  the 
church  has  light,  and  spiritual  energy,  and  joy 
in  the  Holy  Ghost.  On  a  number  of  our  Mis- 
sion churches,  God  has  been  graciously  pleased 
to  pour  out  his  Spirit ;  several  are  now  enjoy- 
ing a  season  of  refreshing  from  the  presence  of 
the  Lord,  and  in  a  large  number  there  are 
cheering  indications  of  better  times  as  near  at 
hand  ;  and  while  there  is  much  deeply  to  hum- 
ble us,  there  is  much  to  call  forth  our  gratitude, 
and  encourage  us  in  prayer  and  effort.  The 
present  aspect,  we  think,  is,  on  the  whole,  highly 
encouraging.    The  missionaries,  we  rejoice  in 


THE   DOMESTIC   MISSIONARY  CHRONICLE. 


57 


being  able  to  say,  have  been  most  diligent  and 
faithful  in  preaching  God's  truth,  and  instruct- 
ing the  people  ;  and  it  is  worthy  of  notice,  that 
the  little  success  which,  in  some  instances, 
seems  to  have  attended  their  labours,  instead  of 
discouraging  them,  has  stimulated  to  new  and 
increased  efforts.  They  have  scattered,  over  a 
large  extent  of  country',  a  vast  amount  of  good 
seed,  and,  as  a  good  friend  of  this  cause,  has 
most  appropriately  and  strikingly  remarked, 
"  That  which  they  have  scattered  is  not  a  dead 
thing.  It  is  vital — it  has  a  propagative  virtue — 
it  perpetuates  life."  What  an  interesting,  en- 
couraging fact  this  !  The  seed  they  have  been 
sowing  is  vital.  It  cannot  be  lost — it  may  lie 
buried  long,  but  it  will  spring  vp,  and  grow,  and 
spread,  and  a  rich  harvest  will,  at  no  distant 
day,  amply  reward  the  friends  and  benefactors 
of  this  cause. 

STATE  OF  THE  FUNDS. 

It  is  our  privilege  to  report  to  the  churches, 
that  the  amount  of  funds  received  up  to  the  1st 
of  January,  is  in  advance  of  the  same  period  the 
last  year.  The  increase  has  not  been  large,  but 
by  the  blessing  of  God  on  constant  and  perse- 
vering effort,  thus  far  during  the  year,  the  Board 
have  been  able  to  meet  punctually  their  engage- 
ments. For  their  ability  to  do  this,  they  thank- 
fully acknowledge  themselves  and  the  cause, 
deeply  indebted  to  the  noble  liberality  of  a 
valued  friend.  The  great  importance  of  being 
able  to  meet  punctually  the  engagements  of  the 
Board,  may  be  seen,  in  the  present  prosperity  of 
ike  cause.  So  far  as  the  missionaries  have  re- 
ported, they  have  been  paid  up.  To  settle  up 
fully  the  accounts  of  the  year,  has  necessarily 
exhausted  our  funds,  and  a  prompt  liberality  on 
the  part  of  the  churches,  whose  collections  for 
this  object  are  yet  to  be  made,  will  be  required 
to  meet  our  large  engagements,  sustain  the  pre- 
sent prosperity  of  the  cause,  and  urge  forward 
with  vigour  the  good  work.  A  large  propor- 
tion of  the  churches  have  their  collections  for 
this  object  yet  to  make.  We  trust  none  will 
fail  to  make  this  collection,  and  that  the  liberal- 
ity of  the  churches  will  be  proportionate  to  their 
means,  and  the  great  importance  of  the  object. 
We  will  not  doubt  the  readiness  of  the  churches 
to  do  their  duty,  and  their  whole  duty  in  sus- 
taining this  cause  at  such  a  time  as  this.  The 
special  favour  which  God  has  shown  to  this 
cause,  and  the  growing  interest  of  the  churches 
in  its  prosperity,  strengthen  our  faith,  and  ban- 
ish fear.  It  will  be  sustained*  It  will  continue 
to  prosper,  and  be  urged  onward  with  greatly 
increased  energy,  liberality,  and  zeal. 

"  Hitherto  hath  the  Lord  helped  us."  He 
has  blessed  us  as  a  church,  and  has  greatly  en- 
larged our  borders,  and  increased  our  strength  ; 
and  he  has  prospered  us  in  our  efforts  to  spread 


the  Gospel.  God's  favour  to  the  missionary 
efforts  in  our  Church  has  been  marked.  Un- 
der his  smiles  the  work  has  steadily  advanced, 
and  is  now  advancing.  To  God's  glory,  and 
for  the  encouragement  of  his  people,  let  it  be 
recorded — "  Hitherto  hath  the  Lord  helped  us." 

Having  briefly  surveyed  the  past,  we  now 
turn  with  deep  interest  to  the  future.  There  is 
a  great  work  to  be  done  in  this  land ;  a  work 
involving  interests  of  unspeakable  moment  to 
ourselves  and  our  children,  to  our  country,  and 
to  the  world.  Let  us  calmly,  and  prayerfully 
look  at  the  share  we  are  called  to  take  in  this 
work.  We  are  embarked  in  this  great  work, 
and  the  continued  and  increased  aid  of  the 
church  is  essential  to  its  onv:ard  progress.  The 
present  engagements  of  the  Board  are  large,  as 
has  been  stated.  The  church  has  now  consid- 
erably more  than  three  hundred  missionaries  in 
the  field,  and  the  probability  is.  before  the  meet- 
ing of  the  next  General  Assembly  the  number 
will  be  nearly,  or  quite,  four  hundred .  To  sus- 
tain these  missionaries  in  their  important  work 
will  require  large  funds ;  and  in  order  that  they 
may  be  unembarrassed  in  their  work,  punctu- 
ality in  the  payment  of  their  dues  is  of  essenticd 
importance,  which  will  require  a  corresponding 
promptness  on  the  part  of  the  churches  in  their 
collections.  At  this  very  time  there  are  a  num- 
ber of  important  points  where  missionaries  are 
greatly  needed,  and  most  earnestly  desired.  The 
Board  have,  at  this  moment,  from  a  number  of 
places,  prospectively  of  unspeakable  importance, 
most  pressing  calls  for  efficient  missionaries. 
They  are  anxiously  looking  for  good,  efficient 
men  to  send  to  these  places ;  and  had  they  a 
number  of  ministers  of  the  right  stamp,  they  could 
at  once  be  located,  in  important,  and  promising 
fields. 

There  is  one  other  point  to  which  we  feel  the 
attention  of  our  churches  should  be  directed. 
In  a  country  like  ours,  so  vast  in  extent,  and 
where  the  population  increases  so  rapidly,  and 
is  so  constantly  moving,  and  where  new  settle- 
ments are  forming  almost  daily,  we  greatly 
need  the  constant  services  of  active,  intelligent, 
discreet  evangelists^  men  of  some  experience  in 
the  ministry,  and  whose  special  work  it  should 
be,  to  labour  in  our  new  and  destitute  settle- 
ments, collect  the  people,  preach  the  gospel  to 
them,  organize  churches,  establish  schools,  and 
prepare  the  way  for  the  settlement  of  sound, 
evangelical  pastors.  We  are  persuaded  that 
even  a  fcv:  evangelists,  of  a  right  spirit,  and  well 
qualified  for  their  work,  and  who,  under  proper 
direction,  would  give  themselves  wholly  to  it, 
with  God's  blessing,  would  accomplish  more  in 
extending  the  church,  and  spreading  a  gospel 
influence,  than  many  settled  pastors  ;  and  it  has 
appeared  to  us  that  the  exigencies  of  our  coun- 
try, more  especially  in  the  new  States  and  Ter- 
ritories, seem  imperatively  to  require  something 


68 


THE  DOMESTIC   MISSIONARY  CHRONICLE. 


like  this.  A  plan  of  this  kind,  to  be  carried 
■'Ucccssfully  into  operation,  would  necessarily  be 
attended  with  considerable  expense.  The  men 
thus  employed,  must  be  sustained  by  the  Church 
through  their  Board.  But  the  good  that  would 
be  accomplished,  by  even  a  small  number  of 
EvangeUsts  of  the  right  stamp,  would  return  to 
the  Church  an  hundred  fold  all  the  expense 
incurred.  An(i  should  not  the  means  be  fur- 
nished'? Should  not  the  Board  to  whom  the 
Church  has  committed  the  responsible  work  of 
supplying  the  destitutions  in  our  land,  have  it 
in  their  power  to  do  whatever  may  be  necessary 
for  occupying  to  advantage  the  whole  ground 
committed  to  them  1  No  Christian  doubts  that 
funds  are  well  expended,  when  even  a  large 
amount  is  given  to  send  a  single  minister  of  the 
Gospel  to  a  Heathen  tribe,  and  to  sustain  him 
there.  And  God  approves  of  such  expendi- 
ture. And  will  Christians  hesitate  to  expend 
an  equal  amount,  in  sending  twice  or  thrice  the 
number  of  good  ministers  to  the  equally  desti- 
tute, and  the  perishing  in  our  own  land  1  How 
strange ! — O,  how  strange !  that  in  Christian 
churches,  and  among  Christian  people,  there 
should  be  a  backwardness  to  give  or  labour  for 
such  an  object. 

Dear  Brethren,  in  the  name  of  many  thou- 
sands in  our  land,  to  whom,  through  your  libe- 
rality, the  Gospel  has  been  sent,  we  thank  you 
for  what  you  have  done.  We  thank  God  and 
the  churches  for  the  present  healthful,  and 
prosperous  state  of  the  cause.  But  we  would 
not  rest  here ;  present  prosperity  should  encou- 
rage, and  animate  us  to  greater  effort.  We  de- 
sire to  do  more — much  more.  God  expects  it — ■ 
o^tr  country  needs  it,  the  times  demand  it.  Some 
of  us  are  growing  old,  and  must  soon  leave  the 
work.  We  desire  to  see  our  whole  country 
evangelized  before  we  go  hence.  Come,  then, 
to  the  work,  relying  on  God,  earnestly  impor- 
tuning his  blessing,  and  laying  out  your  whole 
strength.  "Work  while  it  is  day;  the  night 
cometh,  when  no  man  can  work." 


CHURCH  EXTENSION. 

We  give  below  a  specimen  of  the  letters  received  by 
the  Church  Extension  Committee,  making  application 
'or  aid  in  building  houses  of  worship.   The  letter  is 


from  a  worthy  brother  in  Noxubee  county,  Mississippi- 
It  tells  a  very  plain,  and  simple,  but  touching  story,  of 
the  poverty  and  wants  of  the  people,  and  of  the  labours, 
and  privations  of  their  minister.  And  it  also  tells  us  of 
God's  great  goodness  in  granting  them  "  an  extensive 
revival."  Surely  Christians,  who  have  the  means,  will 
esteem  it  a  privilege  to  aid  them  in  building  a  house,  in 
which  to  worship  the  God  of  their  salvation. — Ed. 

To-day  the  congregation  of  Bethel  Green, 
settled  on  a  place,  and  a  plan  for  erecting  a  house 
of  worship,  and  I  was  requested  to  apply  to  the 
Church  Extension  Committee  for  funds  to  as- 
sist them  in  this  work.  The  location  is  in  the 
north-west  corner  of  Noxubee  county,  in  the 
prairies,  in  a  thickly-settled  neighbourhood, 
where  as  large  a  congregation  may  be  formed, 
as  probably  in  any  other  section  of  this  State. 
The  church  is,  as  yet,  feeble ;  I  have  given 
them  half  of  my  time  for  two  years,  for  less  than 
one  hundred  dollars,  and  they  have  no  house  of 
worship  at  all.  When  I  came  among  them,  I 
found  a  small  Church,  of  eleven  members,  organ- 
ized in  a  Baptist  house.  I  regarded  the  build- 
ing up  of  a  Church,  as  an  experiment ;  but  the 
Lord  has  greatly  blessed  my  labours,  and  the 
Church  now  numbers  nearly  fifty  members. 
Last  spring  it  was  determined  to  erect  a  log 
cabin,  as  a  temporary  place  of  worship ;  but  an 
extensive  revival  of  religion,  with  which  the 
Church  has  been  blessed,  has  greatly  increased 
the  desire  for  a  house,  and  after  much  prayer, 
consultation,  and  anxiety,  it  has  been  resolved 
to  undertake  to  build  a  neat  frame-house,  so  as 
to  give  respectability  to  the  Church,  and  to  call 
out  a  congregation.  If  we  shall  be  able  to  build 
the  house,  it  will  greatly  contribute  to  the  in- 
terest of  religion,  and  especially  of  our  own 
Church,  in  this  section  of  country ;  a  large  and 
interesting  Church  would  be  very  soon  built  up. 
Indeed,  it  is  one  of  the  most  interesting  fields  in 
the  country.  But  if  the  effort  to  build  should 
fail,  the  field  must  be  given  up ;  I  shall  have  to 
abandon  it,  and  the  members  who  have  been 
gathered  in,  will  be  scattered.  We  hope  that 
the  Committee  will  take  our  necessities  into  con- 
sideration. I  have  encouraged  the  congregation 
to  undertake  the  building,  with  the  hope  of  re- 
ceiving aid  from  the  Committee — this  has  been 
a  great  stimulus  to  them  ;  we  earnestly  beg  for 
an  appropriation. 


THE  DOMESTIC   MISSIONARY  CHRONICLE. 


59 


€tiitxs  from 

FROM  A  MISSIONARY  IN  PEORIA  COUNTY. 

Distressing  sickness — Painful  bereavements. 

....  God  has  again  visited  this  country  with 
an  unusual  degree  of  sickness.  We  feel  thank- 
ful in  being  able  to  say,  that  for  the  amount  of 
sickness,  the  mortality  has  been  less  than  might 
have  been  expected,  yet  many  have  been  called 
to  their  last  account.  We  are  a  very  worldly 
people,  but  surely  it  seems  to  be  God's  purpose 
to  wean  us  from  things  that  perish  with  the 
using.  Our  small  village  of  Rochester  has  been 
a  large  sharer  in  the  bereavements  by  death ; 
six  have  died.  In  the  surrounding  country, 
some  eight  or  tc?i  heads  of  families  have  been 
cut  off,  in  some  instances  disbanding  the  family, 
and  scattering  them  abroad.  As  far  as  was  in 
my  power,  I  visited  the  sick,  and  directed  them 
to  the  Saviour.  It  is  a  severe  trial  to  me  to  have 
to  report  the  death  of  Mr.  John  Sutherland,  one 
of  the  two  Elders  of  the  little  Church  of  Roches- 
ter. He  died  on  the  30th  of  September,  of  a 
lingering  disease,  which  he  bore  with  Christian 
patience.  He  ever  stood  foremost  for  the  inter- 
ests of  our  little  Church,  and  nobly  did  he  sup- 
port those  interests  by  his  presence,  his  influ- 
ence, his  counsels,  and  his  means;  under  God, 
he  was  the  main  pillar  of  the  Church,  and  we 
look  around  in  vain  for  one  to  fill  his  place. 
The  Church  has  few  members  better  acquaint- 
ed with  sound  doctrine  and  order,  and  I  believe 
none  more  devotedly  attached  to  them.  On 
these  accounts  he  is  indeed  a  great  loss  to  a  fee- 
ble Church  in  a  destitute  land.  God  has  re- 
moved one  of  our  hghts,  and  not  the  Church 
only,  but  the  whole  community  feel  the  bereave- 
ment. 

At  Pineville  also,  the  Lord  has  tried  our  faith, 
in  the  death  of  one  of  our  most  valuable  men. 
He  was  an  invaluable  friend  both  to  the  Church, 
and  to  their  minister.  The  removal  of  such 
men,  since  such  are  few,  is  a  severe  afl[liction  to 
^  our  infant  churches.  During  the  sickly  sea- 
son, our  assemblies  for  worship  were  smaller 
than  ordinary ;  this  doubtless  was  owing,  in 
part  at  least,  to  the  number  who  were  unable  to 
attend  at  the  house  of  God ;  but  we  have  reason 
to  fear  some  made  sickness  an  excuse  for  the 
neglect  of  duty.  It  is  a  lamentable  truth,  that 
when  afflictions  prevail,  the  people,  instead  of 
being  made  better,  are  prone  to  forget  "the 
statutes  of  the  Lord." 

I  am  still  pursuing  our  Bible,  catechetical,  and 
Sabbath  school  instructions,  and  the  interest 
manifested  both  by  adults  and  children,  is  high- 


Iillx00tonarte0. 

ly  encouraging.  The  monthly  concert  for  pray- 
er has  been  regularly  observed,  and  with  scarce- 
ly an  exception,  a  lively  interest  has  been  mani- 
fested in  the  cause  of  Missions.  There  is  an 
increasing  desire  for  missionary  intelligence. 
But  we  greatly  need,  in  all  our  churches,  the 
reviving  influences  of  God's  spirit.  When  will 
the  Lord's  arm  be  made  bare  for  our  help  1  We 
will,  by  the  help  of  God,  continue  to  pray, 
"  Turn  us  again,  O  God,  and  cause  thy  face  to 
shine,  and  we  shall  be  saved." 


FROM  A  MISSIONARY  IN  LAGRANGE  COUNTY. 

I  have  selected  two  places  for  preaching, 
twelve  miles  distant  from  each  other ;  the  one  is 
Lagrange  Centre,  where  our  meetings  are  held 
in  the  court-house,  and  the  other  is  Fawn  Riv- 
er, where  we  meet  in  a  school-house.  The 
county  is,  as  yet,  sparsely  settled,  but  is  rapidly 
filling  up.  At  the  present  time,  a  population 
of  one  thousand  souls  may  be  found  within 
reach  of  these  places,  where  they  might  attend 
on  the  stated  means  of  grace,  if  they  were  so 
disposed.  When  I  entered  this  field,  the  last 
summer,  one  of  these  central  places  was  entirely 
destitute  of  the  Gospel,  and  the  other  had  Meth- 
odist preaching  only  once  in  three  weeks.  As 
might  be  expected,  Sabbaths  were  desecrated, 
and  immoralities  prevailed  to  a  deplorable  ex- 
tent, while  souls  were  perishing  for  lack  of  vis- 
ion. Notwithstanding  these  discouraging  cir- 
cumstances, the  Lord  has  prospered  the  work 
even  more,  perhaps,  than  I  had  reason  to  ex- 
pect, in  so  short  a  time. 

I  obtained  from  New  York  five  thousand  pa- 
ges of  excellent  tracts,  a  generous  donation  from 
the  American  Tract  Society,  with  which  I  have 
visited  from  house  to  house,  and  at  distances 
from  one  to  seven  miles — have  preached  as  op- 
portunity offered,  in  school-houses,  log  cabins, 
&c.,  more  especially  with  a  view  of  awakening 
an  interest  on  the  subject  of  religion,  and  induc- 
ing the  people  to  attend  on  the  means  of  grace, 
at  the  principal  places  on  the  Sabbath.  The 
prophet's  lamentation,  "  Who  hath  believed  our 
report may  be  uttered  with  peculiar  propriety 
by  the  missionary  in  this  Western  field.  I 
would  that  Christians  in  the  East,  who  dwell  in 
favoured  tents  of  Zion,  and  among  whom  I  have 
spent  most  of  my  days,  could  realize  the  nature 
and  extent  of  the  obstacles  to  the  success  of  the 
Gospel  here,  and  then  reflect,  that  this  is  God's 
appointed  means  for  saving  men ;  and  the  only 


60 


THE   DOMESTIC   MISSIONARY  CHRONICLE. 


effectual  method  of  saving  our  beloved  country 
from  the  most  horrible  superstition,  and  still 
more  horrible  infidelity;  and  I  cannot  but  think 
they  would  be  oftcner,  and  more  importunate  at 
the  throne  of  grace,  supplicating  the  God  of 
Missions  to  pour  out  of  his  Holy  Spirit,  and 
bless  the  means  employed  for  saving  souls. 
Truly  it  is  He  alone  who  can  give  Ufe  to  the 
dead  in  trespasses  and  sins. 

Our  meetings  are  generally  well  attended ;  I 
notice  a  gradual  increase  in  our  congregations, 
and  when  I  meet  them  on  the  Sabbath,  it  is  no 
unusual  occurrence  to  find  those  who  have  come 
six  or  eight  miles  to  unite  in  the  worship  of  God. 
There  is  the  little  band  of  faithful  people,  men 
and  women  of  faith  and  prayer,  who  are  devo- 
ted followers  of  our  Lord  Jesus  Christ;  and 
then,  there  is  the  Universalist,  the  Unitarian, 
the  Seventh-day  Baptist,  the  avowed  Deist,  and 
even  the  vaunting  Atheist;  besides  the  great 
multitude,  who  hav^,  as  yet,  no  settled  religious 
principles ;  all  attend,  with  their  families,  more 
or  less,  and  it  is  cheering  to  see  them  come  with- 
in the  sound  of  the  Gospel.  O  that  I  could  say, 
there  is  also  a  general  turning  unto  the  Lord ! 
That  the  anxious  inquiry,  "What  must  we  do  to 
be  saved  1"  was  common  among  the  people ! — 
Blessed  be  God,  there  are  some  trophies  of  His 
grace,  and  willingness  to  save.  At  our  com- 
munion season  the  last  Sabbath,  six  came  for- 
ward and  united  with  us. 


FROM  A  MISSIONARY  IN  PREBLE  COUNTY. 

Bij  whom  shall  Jacob  arise,  for  he  is  small?" 

It  is  still  a  day  of  small  things,  with  the  Pres- 
byterian Church  in  this  region.  AVhen  we 
look  abroad  on  the  community  around,  errors,  in 
almost  every  form,  are  seen  to  abound.  Some 
deny  the  Divinity  of  the  Saviour,  and  others, 
his  atonement.  Some  disown  the  necessity  of 
his  grace,  or  Spirit — others,  its  virtue,  or  effi- 
cacy. With  many,  baptism  passes  for  regene- 
ration ;  and  a  change  of  heart  is  regarded  as  a 
mere  theological  speculation,  without  founda- 
tion in  Scripture,  and  contrary  to  reason  and 
common  sense.  In  this  state  of  things,  we  oft- 
en feel  disposed  to  ask,  with  the  Prophet  of  old, 
"  By  whom  shall  Jacob  arise,  for  he  is  small  ]" 
Nevertheless,  we  labour  not  without  hope; 
trusting  in  Hhn  who  can  save  by  few,  as  well 
as  by  many — who  has  chosen  the  foolish  things 
of  this  world  to  confound  the  wise,  and  the  weak 
things  of  this  world  to  confound  the  things  that 
fire  mighty — we  have  endeavoured,  in  simple  de- 
pendance  on  God's  grace,  to  sow  the  good  seed 
of  the  word.  In  too  many  cases,  it  seems  as 
though  it  had  fallen  by  the  way-side,  or  among 


thorns;  still  we  venture  to  cherish  the  sweet 
hope,  that  in  cases,  not  few,  it  will  prove  as 
good  seed  cast  upon  good  ground,  which  will  in 
due  time  spring  up,  and  bear  fruit  to  eternal  life. 
Attendance  on  the  means  of  grace  is,  in  general, 
good.  The  Sabbath  school  is  increasing  in  in- 
terest— prayer  meetings  encouraging. 


FROM  A  MISSIONARY  IN  MASON  COUNTY, 

Good  encouragement  to  lahoxi/r. 

....  Attention  to  the  means  of  grace  has 
greatly  increased  during  the  summer,  and  the 
means  seern  to  have  produced  good  effects.  The 
Lord,  I  trust,  is  adding  to  the  Church  such  as 
shall  be  saved.  At  our  last  communion  in  Sep- 
tember, there  were  ten  added  to  the  Church, 
Time  of  them  on  examination;  all,  except  one. 
fathers  and  mothers  ;  four  of  them  were  baptiz- 
ed. One  mother,  as  Lydia,  has  since  had  her 
household  dedicated  to  God  in  baptism.  One 
of  the  number  who  united  with  us,  is  a  grand- 
mother, seventy- four  years  of  age ;  she  gave 
good  evidence  of  being  brought  in  at  the  eleventh 
hour.  If  the  angels,  in  the  presence  of  God, 
rejoice  over  one  sinner  that  repenteth,  we  cer- 
tainly should  be  grateful  for  so  many.  There 
is  still  evidence  of  a  good  work  going  on  with 
us.  The  hopes  of  God's  people,  that  a  good 
Church  will  be  built  up  among  us,  are  at  pre- 
sent, strong.  If  the  Lord  continue  his  bless- 
ing, the  prospect  is  good  


FROM  A  MISSIONARY    IN    CLEARFIELD  COUNTY. 

The  ■'Life  of  a  Domestic  Missionary. 

The  field  of  my  labour  comprises  three 
preaching  places  ;  one  six,  and  the  other  eigh- 
teen miles  from  the  place  where  I  reside  ;  to 
each  of  these  latter  places  I  preach  every  four 
weeks,  besides  occasionally  in  school  houses. 

They  who  live  in  cities  and  large  towns, 
know  little  of  the  life  of  a  Missionary  in  the 
destitute  places  in  our  own  country.  Thev 
may  form  some  faint  conception  of  it,  but  no- 
thing more ;  they  may  be  eye  icitnesses,  and 
even  then,  they  will  "  know  only  in  part."  I 
was  born  and  raised  in  a  large  city,  where  fre- 
quent opportunities  were  presented  of  knovring 
something  of  the  Missionary,  his  field  and  la- 
bours, his  trials  and  difficulties,  his  encourage- 
ments and  discouragements.  My  experience 
has  told  me  I  knew  but  little.  In  new  settle- 
ments, where  preaching  is  heard  only  once  in 
four,  six,  or  eight  weeks,  and  sometimes  not  in 
as  many  months,  the  people  are  willing  to  hear 


THE  DOMESTIC  MISSIONARY  CHRONICLE. 


61 


any  one,  who  comes  to  break  to  them  the  bread 
of  life.  Many  who  enjoy  a  regular,  weekly 
ministry,  will  attend  it  when  it  suits  them ;  not 
so,  where  preaching  is  scarce.  They  who  hear 
it  but  seldom,  will  travel  miles,  and  brave  the 
storm,  to  enjoy  the  privilege. 

A  few  weeks  since,  I  set  out  in  a  storm  to 
travel  a  distance  of  sixteen  or  eighteen  miles,  to 
fulfil  an  appointment;  the  unpleasantness  of 
the  day,  and  the  distance  between  the  houses 
on  the  way,  there  being  but  three  log  cabins  in 
a  distance  of  about  thirteen  miles,  made  the  road 
appear  long  and  dreary.  In  the  evening,  the 
rain  changed  to  snow,  and  amidst  a  violent 
storm,  about  fortT/  assembled  from  "  far  and 
near,"  to  hear  the  first  Presbyterian  sermon  that 
has  been  preached  among  them  for  about  tico 
years.  Some  few  months  since,  I  was  provi- 
dentially prevented  from  reaching  my  appointed 
place  of  preaching,  and  was  obliged  to  spend  the 
Sabbath  in  a  secluded  spot,  with  the  Alleghany 
in  front,  and  a  high  ridge  in  the  rear.  In  this 
retired  valley,  the  voice  of  the  preacher  had  not 
been  heard  for  '/nore  than  a  year,  and  a  Presby- 
terian sermon  had  not  been  preached  for  three  or 
four  years.  Saturday  evening,  word  was  sent 
to  the  few  dwellers  in  that  lonely  spot,  that  a 
minister  of  the  Gospel  was  among  them,  and 
would  preach  the  next  day.  The  Sabbath 
came,  the  storm  had  ceased,  and  stillness  reign- 
ed throughout  the  secluded  valley.  How  ap- 
propriate to  this  place,  thought  I,  are  the  words 
of  the  poet — 

"  The  sound  of  the  church-goiug  bell, 
These  valleys  and  rocks  never  heard." 

At  the  appointed  hour,  the  few  inhabitants  as- 
sembled at  the  school-house,  situated  in  a  retired 
grove,  and  there  I  preached  the  Gospel  to  as  at- 
tentive an  audience,  as  I  ever  addressed.  I  trust 
good  was  done,  and  I  fondly  hope  the  bread  thus 
cast  upon  the  waters,  will  be  found  after  many 
days.  Two  weeks  since,  I  had  an  appointment 
to  preach  at  a  distance  of  about  fourteen  miles 
from  this  place,  in  the  evening ;  when  I  reached 
the  place,  the  little  school-house  was  filled  with 
oersons  anxious  to  hear  the  Gospel ;  such  peo- 
)le  will  frequently  travel  six  and  eight  miles,  to 
ear  a  single  sermon. 

So  anxious  are  many  to  hear  the  Gospel,  that 
I  have  no  doubt,  did  my  health  and  strength 
permit,  I  could  get  a  house  full  of  hearers  every 
day  in  the  week,  at  the  different  Uttle  settle- 
ments scattered  here  and  there  over  this  large 
county.  This  county  is  nearly  as  large  in  ex- 
tent, as  any  in  the  State,  and  yet  your  "mis- 
sionary in  the  mountains"  and  myself,  are  the 
only  Presbyterian  ministers  in  it.  We  must 
travel  over  rough  roads,  and  frequently  in  stormy 
weather,  preach  much,  and  live  hard.  The 
people,  especially  those  living  out  of  the  villa- 
ges, are  generally  poor ;  willing  and  anxious  to 


hear  the  Gospel,  but  able  to  do  very  little  for  its 
support.  I  have  been  here  eight  months,  and 
during  the  whole  of  that  time  have  received  from 
all  sources,  only  forty-three  dollars,  I  have  nei- 
ther horse,  nor  any  other  conveyance  of  my 
own,  and  am  obliged,  from  my  inability  to  pur- 
chase, (except  I  run  in  debt,  which  I  am  very 
much  opposed  to  doing,)  to  depend  on  borrow- 
ing, and  this  is  not  at  all  times  convenient.  As 
an  example,  I  was  obliged  last  Sabbath  to  travel 
five  miles  on  foot,  to  my  place  of  preaching.  But 
it  is  for  Christ,  and  the  souls  of  men ;  and  in  so 
good  a  cause,  we  should  be  willing  to  endure 
hardships. 


FROM  A  MISSIONARY  IN  LUZERNE  COUNTY. 

Some  things  for  Christians  in  Pennsylvania  to 
look  at,  and  ponder  well. 

At  the  Swites,  where  I  am  the  first  English 
preacher,  they  have  a  Sabbath  school,  quite  ac- 
tive ;  there  happens  to  be  one  man  there,  an 
English  Presbyterian,  who  superintends  the 
school.  Among  this  people  I  have  laboured 
with  some  prospect  of  good.  I  have  carried 
books  and  tracts  among  them,  acting  the  colpor- 
teur. I  ascertained  their  destitutions,  and  sup- 
plied them  with  a  suflScient  amount  of  good 
reading  to  furnish  a  theme  for  much  conversa- 
tion, and  some  improvement.  I  have  been  told 
there  has  been  more  moral  reform  there,  in  the 
few  months  of  my  labour,  than  in  twenty  years, 
before ;  this  is  encouraging.  I  have  taken  the 
second  volume  of  the  Union  Gluestions  there, 
and  have  made  arrangements  for  a  Bible-class, 
in  which  all  who  can  read  are  to  take  a  part. 
This,  I  trust,  will  call  their  minds  into  exercise, 
and  benefit  them,  perhaps,  more  than  the  com- 
mon preaching  of  the  Word ;  it  will  at  least,  I 
hope,  prepare  them  to  hear  preaching  with  more 
profit.  There  are  many  of  them  without  the 
Bible,  or  ability  to  read  it ;  they  will  soon  be 
supplied  with  the  word  of  life,  as  I  have  secured 
a  number  of  Bibles,  in  English  and  German,  for 
this  very  purpose.  I  have  visited  some  three 
hundred  families  during  the  summer,  and  scat- 
tered, or  introduced  into  my  field  of  labour,  about 
one  thousand  volumes  of  the  American  Tract 
Society's  and  Sabbath  School  Union's  publica- 
tions, including  one  hundred  Bibles  and  Testa- 
ments ;  also,  some  fifty  thousand  pages  of  tracts. 
Of  these  some  forty  families  in  Swites,  twelve 
were  found  without  the  Bible.  In  one  town  I 
called  on  thirty-six  families,  fourteen  of  which 
were  without  the  Bible,  literally  perishing  for 
lack  of  knowledge.  Thought  I,  truly  the  hea- 
then are  at  my  door !  One  woman,  when  1  in- 
quired if  she  would  have  a  Bible,  replied,  "  I 
don't  know  what  the  Bible  is."    This  woman, 


62 


THE   DOMESTIC   MISSIONARY  CHRONICLE. 


with  two  fatherless  children,  lives  in  a  log  cabin 
in  the  woods,  and  could  scarcely  read.  This  is 
a  kind  of  specimen  of  the  moral  and  mental  de- 
gradation, to  an  alarming,  and  to  me,  incredible 
extent,  now  prevailing  in  my  native  State — 
the  Keystone  State. ^,  Six  months  ago,  I  could 
not  have  believed,  what  my  eyes  have  seen,  and 
my  cars  have  heard,  on  this  ground.  Truly  the 
harvest  is  great,  and  the  labourers  are  few. 
There  is  great  need  of  evangelical  labour  here  ; 
as  great  need,  I  believe,  as  in  India,  or  China. 
The  people  are  insensible,  and  exceedingly 
negligent  about  their  religious  obligations. 
From  the  best  estimate  I  am  able  to  make,  not 
more  than  one  in  twelve  or  fifteen,  goes  to  church 
on  the  Sabbath ;  hence,  I  find  it  necessary  to  go 
to  their  huts  and  dwellings,  and  converse,  and 
pray  with  them,  and  leave  them  such  a  preacher 
as  Baxter,  or  Bunyan,  or  Flavel,  or  Pike,  or 
Doddridge.  This  may  awaken  some  to  come 
and  hear  the  Gospel,  and  may  lead  others  to 
read  God's  word.  In  the  meantime,  I  preach 
publicly,  as  my  strength  will  allow.  I  have 
travelled,  during  the  summer,  not  less  than  one 
thousand  miles,  and  yet  have  not  been  out  of 
my  own  field  of  labour  but  once. 


FROM  A  MISSIONARY  IN  VENANGO  COUNTV. 

Hopeful  Afpearances. 

In  my  last  communication  it  was  stated  that 
the  Lord's  supper  had  been  administered  in  the 

church  at  G  — that  eleven  persons  were 

received  on  examination,  and  that  favourable 
indications  were  visible ;  That  church,  as  you 
have  been  already  informed,  originated  in  mis- 
sionary effort,  and  has  been  so  far  sustained  by 
the  same  instrumentality.  I  recently  adminis- 
tered the  Lord's  supper  in  the  bounds  of  this 
congregation,  but  at  a  distance  of  several  miles 
from  the  usual  place  of  meeting ;  this  commu- 
nion was,  I  think,  still  more  remarkable  than 
the  preceding  one.  Our  meetings  were  well 
attended  and  characterized  by  deep,  and  general 
solemnity.  Twelve  persons  were  receivcil  into 
the  church,  on  examination ;  these  exhibited 
much  feeling,  and  some  of  them,  if  we  are  not 
deceived,  present  cases  of  remarkable  conver- 
sion. During  the  summer,  this  church  has  had 
an  accession  of  twenty-three  members. 


Jlliaaion  Hooms:  |)l)Uairelpl)ia,  J^bruarg,  1856. 


TO   THE   MISSIONARIES   IN    THE  WEST. 

Want  of  Punctuality  in  making  Re- 
ports to  the  Board. 

We  regret  being  under  the  necessity 
of  reminding  our  Missionaries,  particu- 
larly those  in  the  far  West,  that  in  their 
commissions,  they  are  directed  to  make 
regular  quarterly  reports  of  their  labours 
to  the  Board.  A  large  proportion  of 
our  Missionaries,  we  take  pleasure  in 
stating,  do  not  fail  in  the  performance 
of  this  duty.  But  there  are  others, 
and  the  number  has  recently  increased, 
who  in  this  matter  are  exceedingly  re- 
miss, and  from  several,  no  report  has 
been  received  by  the  Board  for  many 
months.  This  has  been  the  case  with 
a  large  proportion  of  the  Missionaries, 
who  have  received  their  pay  from  the 
Treasury  at  Louisville.  From  a  num- 
ber of  these,  no  reports  have  been  receiv- 
ed^ and  the  Board  are  left  in  total  ignor- 
ance of  what  they  are  doing.  The 
Missionaries  ia  the  western  agency, 


have  been  directed  by  the  Board  to 
send  copies  of  their  quarterly  reports  to 
the  Committee  at  Louisville.  But  they 
have  also  been  instructed  "  to  send  re- 
gular quarterly  reports  to  the  Board  as 
heretofore.''''  The  importance  of  at- 
tending to  this  matter,  is  much  greater, 
than  probably  most  of  our  Missionaries 
suppose.  The  accounts  of  all  the 
Missionaries  are  kept  at  the  office  of 
the  Board ;  and  the  Missionaries  are 
credited,  only  on  their  reports.  When 
no  reports  are  received,  no  credit  for 
labour  can  be  given — and  as  a  neces- 
sary consequence,  with  those  who  fail 
to  report,  the  accounts  of  the  Board 
must  be  incomplete.  To  enable  the 
Board  to  keep  their  accounts  full  and 
regular,  punctuality  in  reporting  is  all 
important. 

But  this  is  not  all :  the  reports  of  our 
Missionaries  are  expected  to  furnish 
that  information,  in  regard  to  the  Mis- 
sionary field,  and  in  regard  to  the  Mis- 
sionary Jwork,  which  the  Board  nee( 


THE   DOMESTIC   MISSIONARY  CHKONIOLE. 


63 


for  their  direction,  and  which  the 
Churches  need  to  interest  them  in  the 
cause.  If  our  Missionaries  fail  to  give 
us  this  information,  by  failing  to  report, 
or  if  they  take  httle  or  no  pains  in 
preparing  reports  that  are  sent,  liow 
are  the  Churches  to  know  what  is  do- 
ing? and  how  is  their  interest  in  the 
work  to  be  kept  alive  and  active  1  The 
failure  in  this  matter  is  attended  with 
serious  loss  to  the  cause.  We  do  most 
earnestly  desire,  that  our  Missionaries 
should  all  understand,  that  the  object 
of  their  reporting  is  not  merely  to  let 
the  Board  know,  that  a  quarter,  or  six 
months  of  their  commission  has  ended, 
and  that  they  want  their  pay.  This 
is  one  object,  which  we  will  endeavour 
not  to  overlook,  when  reports  are  re- 
ceived ;  but  there  is  another,  and  an 
exceedingly  important  object  to  be 
gained  by  their  reports,  which  we  beg  our 
Missionaries  not  to  lose  sight  of — that 
is,  to  excite  and  aid  in  keeping  ahve  a 
Missionary  spirit  in  the  Churches.  We 
do  hope  this  notice  will  be  sufficient  to 
remind  those,  who  have  failed  in  send- 
ing their  reports  to  the  Board,  of  their 
duty  in  this  matter;  and  that  this  fail- 
ure, which  is  becoming  a  serious  evil, 
will  be  corrected  with  as  little  delay  as 
is  practicable. 


CHURCH  EXTENSION. 

In  an  article  on  this  subject,  published  in  the  last 
number  of  the  Domestic  Missionary  Chronicle,  we  ven- 
tured to  submit  to  the  Churches  a  proposition  to  raise 
for  this  object,  within  the  next  three  months,  the  sum 
often  thousand  dollars — and  endeavoured  to  show,  by 
a  plain  and  simple  statement,  that  even  the  small  sum 
of  $5,  given  by  each  of  our  churches,  would  accomplish 
the  object.  We  rejoice  to  Cud  that  this  suggestion  has 
arrested  attention,  and  that  one  of  our  feeblest  Churches 
has  set  the  example,  by  commencing  the  work.  The 
following  extract  from  a  letter  of  one  of  our  missiona- 
ries in  Delaware,  enclosing,$5  for  this  object,  will,  we 
think,  be  read  with  interest ;  and  we  fondly  hope  the 
example  will  be  promptly  followed  by  other  pastors. 

Ed. 

....  Enclosed  are  $5,  which  I  received  at 
our  little  prayer  meeting  for  the  Church  Exten- 
sion Committee.  We  read  your  proposition  in 
the  Chronicle  to  raise  Si 0,000  for  this  object, 
and  although  one  of  the  feeblest  churches  in  the 
land,  we  fesolved  to  do  our  part.  I  had  only 
to  ask  some  six  or  eight  persons  to  accomplish 
the  object.  Where  is  the  church  that  could 
not,  and  would  not  do  the  same,  if  applied  to 
by  the  pastor,  or  by  some  one  of  the  congrega- 
tion 1  Could  there  not  be  ten  found  in  every 
congregation  who  would  give  Jifty  cents  each  1 
We  do  hope  the  trial  will  be  made  


RECEIPTS  IN  THE  TREASURY  AT  PHILADELPHIA. 

IN  DECEMBER,  1846. 


8TN0D  OF  ALBANY.    Pby.  of  Albany. 

Fem.  Miss.  Soc.  of  the  Second  Presb.  «h,  Alba- 
ny, for  the  support  of  the  Rev  J  V  Dodge,  and 
to  con.Lemuel  Jenkins  and  Nathaniel  Wright 
hon.  mem.  100  ;  sabbath  school  of  same  ch,  in 
part  to  support  another  miss.  50  ;  1st  Presb. 
ch,  Albany,  155 ;  do.  dona,  of  Miss  Elizabeth 
Scott,  in  part  to  con.  her  nephew,  John  S 
Boyd,  an  hon.  mem.  25  330  00 

SYNOD  OF  BUFFALO.   Pby.  of  Wyoming. 
E  Bethany  ch,  NY  11 ;  Scottsville  Istch,  N  Y  2     13  00 

Pby.  of  Ogdensburg. 
Hammond  ch,  N  Y  3  50  3  50 

SYNOD  OF  NEW-YORK.   Pby.  of  Hudson. 
Goodwill  cong.  N  Y  64,  of  which  10  was  paid  to 
a  miss.  54  ;  Goshen  ch,  N  Y,  Dr  John  S  Crane, 
10 ;  Deer  Park  ch,  Mount  Hope,  N  Y  16  80  00 

Pby.  offforth  River. 
First  ch,  Newburgh,  N  Y  mon.  coll.  16  74 


Pby.  of  New- York. 

Jamaica  ch,  NYU;  Brooklyn  2d  ch,  Bayliss, 
20  ;  Duane  st.  ch,  N  Y  sab.  school  asso.  150 ; 
Brick  ch,  N  Y  coll.  in  part,  765  34  ;  fem.  for. 
and  dom.  miss.  asso.  of  Rutjiers  sU  ch,  N  Y 
88  75  ;  Wallabout  ch,  N  Y  5  41  1040  50 

SYNOD  OF  NEW-JERSEY.   Pby.  of  EUzobethtoion. 
Patterson  1st  ch,  N|J  30  17  30  17 

Pby.  of  New  Brunswick. 

Fem.  miss.  soc.  of  Princeton,  N  J  to  be  expend- 
ed in  N  Jersey,  per  Miss  Sarah  J  Miller,  18       18  00 

Pby.  of  TV.  Jersey. 
Fem.  miss.  soc.  of  Bridgeton  Presb.  ch,  30  30  00 


Pby.  of  Newton. 
Hackettstown  ch,  N  J  50 


16  74     Orwell  ch,  Pa.  7 


Pby.  of  Susquehanna. 


50  00 
7  00 


64 


THE  DOMESTIC  MISSIONARY  CHRONICLE. 


SYNOD  OF  FHILA.    Phy.  of  Phila. 

Tenth  ch,  Phila.  W  L  Mactier,  ]  ;  Wm  Kirk, 
5 ;  Moses  Johnson,  25 ;  Wm  Veitch,  5 ;  "2(1 
Presb.ch,  Phila.  Samuel  Porter,  5;  Daniel 
Haddock,  jr  2;  Mrs  Torbcrt,  5;  a  member, 
per  Mr  Charles  Collins,  20  ;  Central  ch,  Phila. 
Ale.vander  Henry,  Esq  100 ;  Mr  Roberts, 
through  Mr  A  Symington,  25  193  00 

Pby.  o  f  Newcastle. 
Bcnev.  fund  of  New  London  coug.  Pa  '.V) ;  New- 
castle ch,  Mrs  Nevin,  5  35  00 

Pby.  of  Donegal. 
Marietta  cong.  Lancaster  co.  Pa  21  50  ;  Middle 
Octorara  cong.  Pa  5  37  ;  Lancaster  cong.  Pa  60    86  87 

Phy.  of  Baltimore. 
First  ch,  Alexandria,  D  C  70       ,  70  00 

Phy.  of  Carlisle. 
Presb.  ch,  Hagerstown,  Md  to  con.  Rev  John  P 
M  Larea  an  h.  m.  50  ;  Big  Spring  ch,  Pa  in 
part,  60  ;  Chambersburgh  ch,  Pa  117  50 ;  Mc- 
Connellsburgh,  Pa  of  which  10  is  from  Col 
James  Agnew,  23 ;  Nathan  Woods,  Esq  of 
Dickinson  ch,  Pa  in  part  to  con.  his  daughter 
Martha  Jane  Woods  an  h.  m.  30  280  50 

Phy.  of  Huntingdon. 
Church  in  Clearfield,  Pa  5  25  5  25 

Phy.  of  Northumberland. 
Chatham  Run  ch,  Pa  3  64 ;  Derry  cong.  Wash- 
ington CO.  Pa  22 


SYNOD  OF  OHIO.   Phy.  of  Coshocton. 
Linton  ch,  Ohio,  2;  Jefferson  ch,  Ohio,  2 


4  00 


SYNOD  OF  VIRGINIA.    Phy.  of  Greenhriar. 
Am't  paid  to  a  miss,  by  Rev  J  M  Brown,  treas. 
27  50  27  50 

Pby.  of  W.  Hanover. 
Am't  paid  to  a  miss,  through  branch  of  the  Far- 
mers' Bank  of  Va  100  100  00 

MISCELLANEOUS. 

Donation  of  James  P  Sanderson.  Esq,  Milton, 
Pa  54  ;  dona,  of  VLr  George  H  Garrett,  to  con. 
himself  and  Mrs  Margaret  Garrett  h.m.  100; 
pro  rata  dividend  of  interest  acct.  and  special 
fund  from  the  General  Assembly,  per  M 
Newkirk,  Esq.  treas.  416  99  570  99 


Total, 


$3017  60 


Clothing,  (fc. 
From  a  female  friend,  a  box  of  clothing,  valued 
at  30  ;  from  a  family  in  Phila.  a  chest  of  wear- 
ing apparel,  valued  at  50  80  00 

FOR  THE  CHURCH  EXTENSION  FUND. 

Benev.  fund  of  New  London  cons.  5;  Peter 
Boyd,  Esq  of  1st  ch,  Albany,  N  Y  10  ;  1st  ch, 
Z  Patterson,  N  J  11  75  26  75 

THOMAS  HOGE,  Treasurer. 


25  64 


RECEIPTS  IN  THE  TREASURY  AT  PITTSBURG, 

IN  DECEMBER,  1845. 


!     SYNOD  OF  PITTSBUBG.   Phy.  of  Ohio. 

Lawrenceville  ch,  15  75 ;  1st  ch,  Allegheny 
City,  Pa  to  con.  Rev  E  P  Swift  D.D,  and  Al- 
exander Semple  h.  m.  102  08  ;  Monongahela 
City  ch,  30  147  83 

Phy.  of  Redstone. 
Greensburgh  ch,  10  50  10  50 


SYNOD  OF  WHEELING.   Phy.  of  SteubeuvUle. 
Steubenville  2d  ch,  16  39  16  39 


Total,  $174  72 

The  fem.  sew.  soc.  of  Connellsville  ch.  Pa.  has, 
by  contributions  of  clothing  in  May  and  Oct. 
1845,  con.  the  following  persons  hon.  meras. 
viz  :  Rev  Ross  Stevenson,  Alexander  Johns- 
ston,  and'Mrs  Mary  Little. 

J.  D.  WILLIAMS,  Treaaurer. 


RECEIPTS  IN  THE  TREASURY  AT  LOUISVILLE,  KY., 

IN  DECEMBER,  1845. 


SYNOD  OF  CINCINNATI.   Phy.  of  Sidney. 
Sidney,  Ohio,  2  2  00 

Pby.  of  Maumee. 
Lima,  Ohio,  10  10  00 

SYNOD  OF  INDIANA.   Phy.  of  Salem. 

Cong,  don.  bal.  1  05;  Ebenezer,  1  ;  Sharon, 
3  47 ;  Mrs  M  A  Ayers,  N  Albany,  10  15  52 

Phy.  of  Crawfordsville. 
Waveland,  Ind  5  '  5  00 

SYNOD  OF  anssouBi.   Pby.  of  St.  Louis. 
Rev  Wm  S  Potts  D  D  20  20  00 

SYNOD  OF  KENTUCKY.   Pby.  of  Muhlenhurg. 
Livingston.  4  87 ;  R  C  Stone,  2 ;  Bethany,  2  13      9  00 


Phy.  of  Transylvania. 
Springfield,  Ky  15  15  00 

SYNOD  OF  w.  TENNESSEE.   Pby.  of  West  Tenncssee. 
Gen  Pillou,  5;  Zion,  85  45;  Mt  Pleasant,  9; 
West  Tenn.  P.  20  ;  Bethesda,  33  50  152  95 

Pby.  of  Nashville. 
Galletin,  23  ;  Nashville,  for  particular  m.  275  ; 
Jno,  Patterson,  Esq  Shiloh,  T  10  308  00 

Pby.  of  North  Alabama 
Tuscumbia,  Ala  50;  Florence,  62  80  112  80 

MISCELLANEOUS. 

Proceeds  of  miss,  depot,  59  87  59  87 


Total,  $710  14 

WM.  GARVIN,  Treasurer. 


For  use  in  Library  only